Table.

Media Exposure by Presence of MDD

	Diagnostic Group, % of Callsa
Media Type	Without MDD (n = 60)	With MDD (n = 46)	P Valueb	OR (95% CI)c	Quartile of Use	OR (95% CI)		P Value for Trendd
Watching movie or television	23.9	29.6	.04	1.2 (0.8–1.7)	1	1[Reference]		.37
					2	1.3 (0.4–4.2)
					3	1.9 (0.6–6.2)
					4	1.5 (0.5–5.0)
Listening to audio	8.4	10.2	.06	1.8 (1.1–2.8)	1	1[Reference]		.01
					2	4.2 (1.03–16.8)
					3	3.4 (0.8–14.3)
					4	8.3 (1.9–37.5)
Using Internet	5.9	6.4	7.4	1.1 (0.7–1.6)	1	1[Reference]		.74
					2	0.5 (0.2–1.8)
					3	0.7 (0.2–2.2)
					4	1.2 (0.3–4.1)
Playing video game	5.2	7.0	.24	1.3 (0.8–2.1)	1	1[Reference]		.23
					2	1.3 (0.4–4.5)
					3	3.0 (0.9–10.5)
					4	1.8 (0.4–7.8)
Reading print mediae	0.6	0.2	.18	0.5 (0.3–0.8)	1	1[Reference]		.009
					2	0.6 (0.2–1.6)
					3	0.3 (0.1–1.2)
					4	0.1 (0.1–0.9)

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; MDD, major depressive disorder; OR, odds ratio.

^aIndicates percentage of completed cellular telephone calls on which individuals were using that particular media type.

^bCalculated using the Mann-Whitney test.

^cFor logistic regression controlling for race, sex, and age. For these analyses, the independent variable was the particular media type (eg, watching television or movies) divided into quartiles. Thus, ORs represent the odds of having MDD for each increasing quartile of exposure.

^dCalculated using a nonparametric test for trend.

^eIncludes magazine, newspaper, and/or book use.