Table 2.
Afferent connectivity of the pedunculopontine nucleus.
| Origin | Target PPN region | References |
|---|---|---|
| CEREBRAL CORTEX | ||
| FL | Caudal | Semba and Fibiger (1992), Matsumura et al. (2000) |
| PAC | Schofield and Motts (2009) | |
| MPC | Sesack et al. (1989) | |
| CEREBELLUM | ||
| DCN | Hazrati and Parent (1992) | |
| BASAL GANGLIA | ||
| STN | Nauta and Cole (1978), Jackson and Crossman (1981), Hammond et al. (1983), Kita and Kitai (1987), Granata and Kitai (1989), Semba and Fibiger (1992), Florio et al. (2007) | |
| EP/GPi | Rostral | Smith et al. (1990), Moriizumi and Hattori (1992), Semba and Fibiger (1992), Shink et al. (1997), Parent et al. (2001) |
| SN | Rostral | Noda and Oka (1986), Scarnati et al. (1987), Nakamura et al. (1989), Granata and Kitai (1991), Spann and Grofova (1991), Semba and Fibiger (1992), Saitoh et al. (2003) |
| VTA | Haber et al. (1990), Semba and Fibiger (1992) | |
| STR | Semba and Fibiger (1992) | |
| TECTUM | ||
| SC | Woolf and Butcher (1986), Redgrave et al. (1987), Semba and Fibiger (1992), Steininger et al. (1992) | |
| BRAINSTEM | ||
| LTDg | Satoh and Fibiger (1986), Cornwall et al. (1990), Semba and Fibiger (1992) | |
| Contralateral PPN | Semba and Fibiger (1992) | |
| FOREBRAIN | ||
| LC | Jones and Yang (1985) | |
| Habenula | Semba and Fibiger (1992) | |
| RMTg | Jhou et al. (2009) | |
| ZI | Satoh and Fibiger (1986), Semba and Fibiger (1992), Kolmac et al. (1998) | |
| DR | Caudal | Vertes (1991), Steininger et al. (1997) |
Abbreviations: FL, frontal lobe; PAC, primary auditory cortex; MPC, medial prefrontal cortex; DCN, deep cerebellar nuclei; STN, subthalamic nucleus; EP, entopeduncular nucleus; GPi, internal segment of the globus pallidus; SN, substantia nigra; VTA, ventral tegmental area; STR, striatum; SC, superior colliculi; LTDg, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus; PPN, pedunculopontine nucleus; LC, locus ceruleus; RMTg, mesopontine rostromedial tegmental nucleus; ZI, zona incerta; DR, dorsal raphé.