Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the European American study sample.
| T2DM-affected (n=778) | Unaffected (n=159) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 61.9±9.2 (61.8) | 59.6±10.4 (59.4) |
| Gender (% female) | 53.6 | 67.3 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32.5±6.8 (31.4) | 28.8±5.2 (28.1) |
| Duration of Diabetes (years) | 10.2±6.9 (8.0) | N/A |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mm Hg) | 139.8±19.0 (138.5) | 135.3±19.3 (133.3) |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure (mm Hg) | 72.8±10.2 (72.0) | 74.3±10.2 (74.0) |
| Diagnosis of Hypertension (%) | 87.7 | 66.0 |
| Medications | ||
| Use of Hypertension Medication (%) | 78.6 | 43.7 |
| Use of Lipid Lowering Medication (%) | 44.3 | 26.8 |
| Insulin (%) | 26.2 | 0 |
| Oral hypoglycemic (%) | 76.2 | 0 |
| Laboratory | ||
| HbA1c (%) | 7.65±1.76 (7.30) | 5.57±0.51 (5.50) |
| Fasting Glucose (mg/dL) | 150.0±57.0 (138.0) | 93.5±11.5 (93.0) |
| Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 187.6±43.0 (182.0) | 195.7±34.2 (195.5) |
| HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 42.8±12.0 (41.0) | 48.0±13.4 (46.0) |
| LDL Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 104.2±32.3 (102.0) | 115.0±29.3 (113.0) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 214.0±145.4 (179.0) | 163.7±78.0 (153.5) |
| Smoking | ||
| Current (%) | 16.3 | 20.9 |
| Past (%) | 42.7 | 35.4 |
| Never (%) | 41.0 | 43.7 |
| Subclinical CVD Measures | ||
| CorCP | 1391.0±2643.7 (357.0) | 444.7±989.5 (35.5) |
| CorCP>0 (%) | 94.8 | 83.0 |
| CarCP | 359.3±723.3 (77.5) | 133.8±355.3 (1.5) |
| CarCP>0 (%) | 77.4 | 55.9 |
| AACP | 3724.0±4518.3 (1937.0) | 2031.9±3447.6 (605.5) |
| AACP>0 (%) | 94.7 | 83.3 |
| IMT (mm) | 0.68±0.13 (0.66) | 0.64±0.11 (0.61) |
Data are presented as mean ± SD (median). CorCP = coronary artery calcified plaque; CarCP = carotid artery calcified plaque; AACP = abdominal aortic calcified plaque; IMT = intima-media thickness