Table 3.
Changes in body weight and metabolic parameters
| Men | Women | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | 2008 | P value | 2005 | 2008 | P value | |||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |||
| Weight (cm) | 72.2 | 14.5 | 74.9 | 10.4 | 0.623 | 71.8 | 13.5 | 67.7 | 9.8 | <0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.8 | 4.6 | 27.1 | 3.3 | 0.555 | 30.8 | 5.4 | 29.1 | 4.0 | <0.0001 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 12.9 | 5.7 | 9.1 | 3.4 | <0.0001 | 11.9 | 4.4 | 9.5 | 2.7 | 0.002 |
| HbA1c (%)a | 9.6 | 2.1 | 9.0 | 2.0 | 0.081 | 9.0 | 2.4 | 8.9 | 1.9 | 0.729 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 131.9 | 10.7 | 135.1 | 15.7 | 0.211 | 130.0 | 11.4 | 131.1 | 17.2 | 0.667 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 83.5 | 5.9 | 82.6 | 7.8 | 0.575 | 82.1 | 10.6 | 79.8 | 11.2 | 0.32 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 6.4 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 9.9 | 0.991 | 5.5 | 1.7 | 4.9 | 0.8 | 0.023 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)b | 3.9 | 4.4 | 3.0 | 1.1 | 0.254 | 2.9 | 1.0 | 2.7 | 0.9 | 0.427 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)c | 1.4 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 0.426 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 0.578 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l)d | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 1.6 | 0.06 | 2.1 | 0.9 | 1.9 | 0.9 | 0.106 |
Notes: All values are expressed as mean ± SD
a, b, c, d
The values are based on the following numbers: HbA1c (n = 97); LDL-cholesterol (n = 71); HDL-cholesterol (n = 69); triglycerides (n = 96).
Legend: BMI = body mass index; HbA1c = glycosylated haemoglobin; BP = blood pressure; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; HDL = high-density lipoprotein