Table 3.

Echocardiographic Indices of Left Ventricular Structure and Function ± Standard Error of the Mean

	Young	Aged	Aged + Fish Oil
LV structure
HW/BW (mg/g)	4.0 ± 0.30	3.1 ± 0.07	3.2 ± 0.16
LVEDD (cm)*	0.756 ± 0.010†	0.903 ± 0.035	0.905 ± 0.017
LVESD (cm)*	0.378 ± 0.011†	0.492 ± 0.033	0.512 ± 0.021
PWTed (cm)*	0.158 ± 0.003†	0.209 ± 0.005‡	0.192 ± 0.004
AWTed (cm)	0.182 ± 0.006	0.203 ± 0.007	0.198 ± 0.006
RWT	0.418 ± 0.009	0.469 ± 0.030	0.426 ± 0.010
LV mass	0.589 ± 0.038†	1.448 ± 0.135	1.327 ± 0.061
LV systolic function
FS (%)*	50 ± 1‡	46 ± 2	44 ± 2
VCFc (circ/s)	0.987 ± 0.023	0.994 ± 0.034	0.960 ± 0.037
HR (beats/min)*	348 ± 7†	291 ± 4	304 ± 5
LV diastolic function
Emax (cm/s)	72 ± 2	77 ± 2	74 ± 2
Edec time (s)	0.050 ± 0.002	0.052 ± 0.002	0.050 ± 0.002
Edec slope (cm/s)	14 ± 1	14 ± 1	15 ± 1
e’ (cm/s)*	5.0 ± 0.3§	3.6 ± 0.3	4.1 ± 0.3
E/e’*	14.9 ± 1.0§	21.6 ± 1.2	18.6 ± 1.0

Notes: AWTed = anterior wall thickness at end diastole; e’ = early mitral annular velocity; E/e’ = transmitral early filling/early mitral annular velocity; E_dec = deceleration time of early filling; E_max = transmitral early filling velocity; FS = fractional shortening; HR = heart rate; HW/BW = heart weight/body weight; LV = left ventricular; LVEDD = left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; LVESD = left ventricular end-systolic dimension; PWTed = posterior wall thickness at end diastole; RWT = relative wall thickness; VCFc = mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening corrected for heart rate.

^*p < .05, main effect of group.

^†p < .01 vs aged, aged + fish oil.

^‡p < .05 vs aged + fish oil.

^§p < .05 vs aged.