Table 1.
Intranigral administration of poly(I:C) increases the level of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines
| Cytokine chemokine | Vehicle | Poly(I:C) |
|---|---|---|
| Substantia nigra protein level 12 d after poly(I:C) (pg/mg) | ||
| IL-1α | 7.993 ± 1.558 | 12.32 ± 1.208* |
| IL-1β | 5.564 ± 0.5115 | 6.183 ± 0.3726 |
| IL-2 | 4.926 ± 0.7362 | 4.772 ± 0.3633 |
| IL-4 | 5.910 ± 1.034 | 5.279 ± 0.4931 |
| IL-6 | 55.19 ± 3.111 | 51.55 ± 2.167 |
| IL-10 | ND | ND |
| IFN-γ | 6.618 ± 0.4500 | 8.275 ± 1.364 |
| TNF-α | 23.05 ± 3.670 | 25.25 ± 6.779 |
| MCP-1 | 6.501 ± 0.9393 | 9.541 ± 0.9878* |
| MDC | 1.959 ± 0.1989 | 2.195 ± 0.1701 |
| Fractalkine | 67.93 ± 3.127 | 69.00 ± 2.411 |
| MIP-1α | 10.12 ± 1.698 | 11.04 ± 1.224 |
| MIP-2α | 4.860 ± 0.6166 | 5.827 ± 0.5258 |
| MIP-3α | 96.18 ± 7.500 | 105.4 ± 7.355 |
| RANTES | 63.96 ± 3.495 | 96.27 ± 5.275** |
| TGF-β1 | 258.1 ± 24.64 | 246.1 ± 15.16 |
| Striatum protein level 12 d after poly(I:C) (pg/mg) | ||
| IL-1α | 13.29 ± 2.285 | 11.98 ± 1.279 |
| IL-1β | 4.728 ± 0.4303 | 6.937 ± 0.5908** |
| IL-2 | 5.124 ± 0.4348 | 5.790 ± 0.4551 |
| IL-4 | 6.394 ± 0.9461 | 5.232 ± 0.4566 |
| IL-6 | 95.59 ± 6.001 | 114.5 ± 5.941* |
| IL-10 | ND | ND |
| IFN-γ | 9.206 ± 2.411 | 9.822 ± 2.148 |
| TNF-α | 24.31 ± 4.697 | 39.42 ± 3.461* |
| MCP-1 | 2.174 ± 0.3089 | 3.365 ± 0.3347* |
| MDC | 1.959 ± 0.1989 | 2.195 ± 0.1701 |
| Fractalkine | 142.8 ± 4.006 | 136.3 ± 3.928 |
| MIP-1α | 5.000 ± 0.5016 | 5.479 ± 0.5343 |
| MIP-2α | 4.228 ± 0.4588 | 4.770 ± 0.3614 |
| MIP-3α | 81.08 ± 4.540 | 86.95 ± 6.358 |
| RANTES | 73.06 ± 6.524 | 76.51 ± 7.677 |
| TGF-β1 | 161.3 ± 10.06 | 202.4 ± 5.722** |
Cytokine and chemokine levels were analyzed in the SN and striatum at 12 d after poly(I:C) injection using multiplex ELISA. Poly(I:C) injection caused increased levels of IL-1α, MCP-1, and RANTES within the SN and IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, and TGF-β in the striatum. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. Vehicle, n = 9; poly(I:C), n = 10.
*p < 0.05,
**p < 0.001, unpaired t test. IFN, Interferon; MCP, monocyte chemoattractant protein; MDC, macrophage-derived chemokine; MIP, macrophage inflammatory protein; TGF, transforming growth factor.