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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Res. 2011 Jan 1;71(1):40–50. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-2004

Figure 5. Canonical Wnt signaling is activated in enFoxm1−/− lung epithelial cells after urethane treatment.

Figure 5

A. Sfrp1 mRNA is decreased in enFoxm1−/− lungs. B. A schematic drawing of the – 1.0Kb promoter regions of the mouse Sfrp1 gene. Locations of two potential Foxm1 DNA binding sites are indicated (grey boxes). ChIP assay demonstrated that Foxm1 protein binds to promoter of mouse Sfrp1 gene. Foxm1 binding to genomic DNA was normalized to IgG control antibodies. Diminished binding of Foxm1 to the Sfrp1 promoter region was observed after siFoxm1 transfection in MFLM-91U. C. enFoxm1−/−/TOPGAL mice had increased β-gal activity in epithelial cells compared to Foxm1fl/fl/TOPGAL mice (top panels). Immunohistochemistry with Ki-67 antibodies onβ-gal stained lung sections shows the presence of Ki-67 protein (arrows) in β-gal-positive cells in enFoxm1−/− mice (middle panels). Immunohistochemistry with pro-SPC antibodies on β-gal stained lung sections shows that pro-SPC co-localized with β-gal in subset of epithelial cells (arrows in bottom panels:). D. Increased nuclear localization of β-catenin in enFoxm1−/− tumors. Membrane β-catenin staining in control Foxm1fl/fl tumors shown with arrows. Magnifications: top panels in C, 100x; inserts, 400x; middle and bottom panels in C and D, 1000x. A p value < 0.05 is shown with asterisk (*), a p value < 0.01 is shown with asterisk (**).