10–12 week-old wild-type (WT) mice, which were pretreated or not with C5aRA (i.p.; 25 µg/mouse), as well as mice deficient in C5aR (C5ar−/−) or TLR2 (Tlr2−/−), were i.p. infected with P. gingivalis (5×107 CFU). Peritoneal lavage was performed 5h postinfection and the peritoneal fluid was used to measure the levels of the indicated cytokines. Mice not infected with P. gingivalis had undetectable levels of the cytokines investigated. Data are means ± SD (n = 5 mice). *, p < 0.01 and **, p < 0.01 vs. WT+PBS control.