Table 1.
Summary of discussed findings.
| Neurotransmitter | Receptors in the SVZ | Projections from NT releasing neurons | Effect on SVZ proliferation | Effect on migration | Effect on SVZ cell survival | Associated brain states or pathologies | Effect of pathology on NT signaling |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acetylcholine | none; nAChR α7/β2 in OB | ? | ? | ? | Increased in (N) near OB | Alzheimer's Disease | Decreased |
| ATP | P2X2, P2X4 (N*); P2X7 (E*) | SVZ or surrounding astrocyte-like cells? | Increased | ? | ? | Hypoxia/Ischemia | Increased |
|
Seizure |
Increased |
||||||
|
P2Y (N) |
Injury |
Increased |
|||||
| Dopamine | D1-like (TAC cytoplasm) | Substantia nigra (rodents, primates, humans) | Increased | ? | ? | Parkinson's Disease | Decreased |
|
D2-like (TAC, A*) |
|||||||
|
D3 (TACs, but not A or N) |
|||||||
| GABA | α2, 3, 4, β1 and 2, and γ2 (N) | Striatal neurons (?) | Decreased | Decreased | ? | Huntington's Disease | Decreased/altered |
|
GABAA subunits - unknown (A) |
Seizures |
? |
|||||
| Glutamate | AMPA | SVZ or surrounding astrocyte-like cells (rodent) | Increased (in neural progenitor culture) | None | Increased in (N) | Ischemia/Hypoxia | Increases in adult |
|
GluK5 (N) |
Seizure |
Increases |
|||||
|
NMDA (N) | |||||||
|
(Group I) mGluR1 and 5 (N) | |||||||
|
Group 2 mGluRs | |||||||
| Serotonin | 5-HT 1A, 2A, 2 C (may have others) | Raphe nucleus | Increased | ? | ? | Pregnancy | Increased- can regulate prolactin release |
|
Mood disorders |
Decreased/altered |
||||||
|
Sleep |
Melatonin (dependent on serotonin for synthesis)-increases SVZ proliferation |
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*
A= astrocyte-like cells; N= neuroblast; E= ependymal cell; TAC= transit amplifying cells.