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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Signal. 2010 Nov 6;23(6):951–962. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2010.10.015

Table 1.

Expression of Proapoptotic Genes Induced by TGF-β

Gene Mechanism of Action Reference
SHIP SH2-containing lipid phosphatase that inhibits cell survival mediated by PI3K [268]
DAPK Ca++/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that regulates mitochondrial-, caspase-, and autophagic cell death [269, 270]
TIEG1 Zinc-finger transcription factor that represses Bcl-2 expression [271, 272]
Daxx TβR-II-adaptor protein that stimulates JNK [54]
ARTS Mitochondrial septin-like protein that inactivates XIAP to elicit caspase activation [273, 274]
TAK1 MAP kinase kinase kinase that stimulates JNK and p38 MAPK [275–278]