. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Fam Psychol. 2011 Apr;25(2):251–260. doi: 10.1037/a0023201

Table 2.

Mean Affection and Discipline Group Differences (and SDs) for Cultural Correlates, Marital Quality, and Youth Adjustment

	Affection		Discipline

	Equal (n = 156)	Incongruent (n = 72)	Equal (n = 83)	Incongruent (n = 109)	Congruent (n = 39)
Familism values	4.49 (0.31) ^a	4.34 (0.31) ^b	4.54 (0.27) ^x	4.37 (0.35) ^y	4.34 (0.32) ^y
Traditional gender role attitudes	2.13 (0.50) ^a	1.87 (0.47) ^b	2.15 (0.52) ^x	2.04 (0.49) ^x	1.79 (0.44) ^y
Cultural orientation	−1.40 (1.17) ^a	−0.42 (1.52) ^b	−1.66 (1.08) ^x	−0.86 (1.37) ^y	−0.24 (1.41) ^z
Coparenting satisfaction	7.53 (1.25) ^a	7.17 (1.28) ^b	7.58 (1.35)	7.22 (1.32)	7.37 (1.18)
Marital love	2.58 (0.38) ^a	2.45 (0.39) ^b	2.59 (0.38) ^x	2.46 (0.41) ^y	2.55 (0.35) ^{x y}
Marital conflict	4.13 (1.40)	4.36 (1.26)	3.97 (1.43)	4.38 (1.39)	4.16 (1.03)
Youth risky behavior ¹	0.31 (0.20)	0.33 (0.19)	0.28 (0.19) ^x	0.36 (0.22) ^y	0.30 (0.16) ^{x y}
Youth depressive symptoms ¹	1.85 (0.36)	1.82 (0.36)	1.78 (0.32) ^x	1.92 (0.39) ^y	1.75 (0.34) ^{x y}
Parent education	9.45 (3.58) ^a	11.38 (3.46) ^b	8.59 (3.58) ^x	10.34 (3.42) ^y	12.54 (2.81) ^z
Age spacing	2.72 (1.55) ^a	3.38 (1.59) ^b	2.88 (1.48) ^{x y}	2.72 (1.57) ^x	3.51 (1.73) ^y

Note. Means in the same row with different subscripts are significantly different from each other (a, b are affection comparisons; x, y, z are discipline comparisons; p < .05).

Youth adjustment models included the older sibling’s age and both siblings’ genders as covariates.