TABLE 2.
Cumulative Proportions of Children Aged 3–8 Years With a First Dental Visit at Specified Time Intervals, After Medicaid Enrollment in 2005: Iowa, 2005–2007
| First Dental Visitaa |
||||||
| Variable | No. (%) | 6 Months | 1 Years | 2 Years | 3 Years | Pb |
| All children | 5391 (100) | 0.32 | 0.49 | 0.64 | 0.74 | … |
| Identified with an IDD | ||||||
| Yes | 96 (1.8) | 0.28 | 0.41 | 0.57 | 0.69 | .22 |
| No | 5295 (98.2) | 0.32 | 0.49 | 0.64 | 0.74 | … |
| Clinical Risk Group | ||||||
| Healthy | 4344 (80.6) | 0.31 | 0.48 | 0.63 | 0.73 | .01 |
| Acute condition | 434 (8.1) | 0.38 | 0.53 | 0.69 | 0.77 | … |
| Single minor chronic condition | 227 (4.2) | 0.35 | 0.53 | 0.70 | 0.79 | … |
| Minor chronic in multiple systems | 2 (< 0.1) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | … |
| Single dominant or moderate chronic condition | 316 (5.9) | 0.34 | 0.52 | 0.70 | 0.78 | |
| Significant chronic disease in multiple systems | 59 (1.1) | 0.36 | 0.49 | 0.58 | 0.65 | … |
| Dominant chronic in 3 or more systems | 0 (0.0) | … | … | … | … | |
| Dominant and metastatic malignancies | 3 (0.1) | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.33 | … |
| Catastrophic condition | 6 (0.1) | 0.33 | 0.67 | 0.67 | 0.67 | … |
| Age, y | ||||||
| 3–5 | 3079 (57.1) | 0.31 | 0.48 | 0.64 | 0.73 | .13 |
| 6–8 | 2312 (42.9) | 0.34 | 0.50 | 0.65 | 0.74 | … |
| Gender | ||||||
| Boy | 2748 (51.0) | 0.31 | 0.47 | 0.63 | 0.74 | .13 |
| Girl | 2643 (49.0) | 0.33 | 0.51 | 0.65 | 0.74 | … |
| Total length of Medicaid enrollment, mo | ||||||
| 1–6 | 99 (1.8) | 0.26 | … | … | … | …c |
| 7–12 | 903 (16.8) | 0.35 | 0.44 | … | … | … |
| 13–24 | 1015 (18.8) | 0.29 | 0.48 | 0.64 | … | … |
| 25–36 | 3374 (62.6) | 0.32 | 0.50 | 0.65 | 0.74 | … |
| Proximal factors | ||||||
| Any primary medical care visits by child in 2005 | ||||||
| Yes | 4350 (80.7) | 0.35 | 0.52 | 0.67 | 0.77 | .001 |
| No | 1041 (19.3) | 0.22 | 0.37 | 0.53 | 0.70 | … |
| At least one Medicaid-enrolled child in the household | ||||||
| Yes | 4278 (79.4) | 0.32 | 0.49 | 0.65 | 0.74 | .51 |
| No | 1113 (20.6) | 0.32 | 0.48 | 0.62 | 0.74 | … |
| Immediate factor | ||||||
| At least one Medicaid-enrolled adult in the household | ||||||
| Yes | 2910 (54.0) | 0.30 | 0.47 | 0.63 | 0.74 | .02 |
| No | 2481 (46.0) | 0.34 | 0.51 | 0.65 | 0.74 | … |
| Intermediate factor | ||||||
| Degree of rurality of child's county of residence | ||||||
| Metropolitan | 3017 (56.0) | 0.34 | 0.51 | 0.66 | 0.76 | .001 |
| Urban adjacent to metropolitan | 1054 (19.6) | 0.28 | 0.45 | 0.61 | 0.73 | … |
| Urban nonadjacent to metropolitan | 1008 (18.7) | 0.31 | 0.46 | 0.62 | 0.69 | … |
| Rural | 312 (5.8) | 0.33 | 0.50 | 0.62 | 0.69 | … |
| Distal factor | ||||||
| Resides in a dental HPSA | ||||||
| Yes | 3436 (63.7) | 0.32 | 0.49 | 0.63 | 0.72 | .07 |
| No | 1955 (36.3) | 0.33 | 0.49 | 0.66 | 0.76 | … |
Note. HPSA = Health Professional Shortage Area; IDD = intellectual or developmental disability. Elipses indicate results were not applicable.
a
From Kaplan-Meier survival curves (adjusted for censoring of data).
b
P value for comparison within categories; univariate log-rank test results for each covariate (unadjusted for other covariates).
c
Significance testing not reported because enrollment could extend beyond the time at which the first dental visit took place.