TABLE 3.
Final Cox Regression Model With Time-Dependent Covariate for Time to First Dental Visit for Children Aged 3–8 Years (N = 5391), After Medicaid Enrollment in 2005: Iowa, 2005–2007
| Covariate | AHR (95% CI) | Pa |
| Main independent variable | ||
| Identified with an IDD | ||
| Yes | 0.69 (0.31, 0.99) | .04 |
| No (Ref) | 1.00 | … |
| Ascribed factors | ||
| Clinical Risk Group | ||
| Healthy (1) (Ref) | 1.00 | … |
| Acute (2) | 1.14 (1.01, 1.29) | .032 |
| Chronic (3, 4) | 1.11 (0.95, 1.30) | .2 |
| Chronic (5-9) | 1.08 (0.95, 1.23) | .235 |
| Age, y | ||
| 3–5 (Ref) | 1.00 | … |
| 6–8 | 1.10 (1.03, 1.18) | .006 |
| Gender | ||
| Girl | 1.05 (0.98, 1.11) | .14 |
| Boy (Ref) | 1.00 | … |
| Proximal factor | ||
| Child had any primary medical care visit | ||
| Yes | 1.51 (1.38, 1.61) | .001 |
| No (Ref) | 1.00 | … |
| Time-dependent covariate: Primary medical care visit*log(time) | 0.87 (0.78, 0.96) | .009 |
| Immediate factors | ||
| At least one Medicaid-enrolled child in the household | ||
| Yes | 1.08 (1.00, 1.16) | .045 |
| No (Ref) | 1.00 | … |
| At least one Medicaid-enrolled adult in the household | ||
| Yes | 0.89 (0.81, 0.96) | .003 |
| No (Ref) | 1.00 | … |
| Intermediate factor | ||
| Degree of rurality of child's county of residence | ||
| Metropolitan (Ref) | 1.00 | … |
| Urban adjacent to metropolitan | 0.83 (0.76, 0.91) | .001 |
| Urban nonadjacent to metropolitan | 0.84 (0.76, 0.92) | .001 |
| Rural | 0.90 (0.78, 1.05) | .167 |
| Distal factor | ||
| Resides in a dental HPSA | ||
| Yes | 0.92 (0.83, 0.99) | .028 |
| No (Ref) | 1.00 | … |
Note. AHR = adjusted hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval; IDD = intellectual or developmental disability; HPSA = federally designated Health Professional Shortage Area; N/A = not applicable.
a
α = .05.