Figure 4. The effects of BEC on the production of neurospheres.

For the neurosphere assay, we stimulated them at 100 Hz with a magnitude of 8 or 32 µA/cm² and duration of 50 or 200 µs for 2 and 4 days and then counted the numbers of neurospheres after 2 and 4 days of electrical stimulation. (A) A representative phase contrast micrograph of neurospheres produced with four conditions of BEC for 4 days. (B) Ratios of neurospheres greater than 100 µm in diameter (large spheres) versus total neurospheres of all sizes (total spheres) after 2 and 4 days of electrical stimulation. Data represent mean ± S.E.M. of n = 37–52. **, p≤0.01, ***, p≤0.001; by One-Way ANOVA: Tukey's HSD Post Hoc test.