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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Behav Genet. 2010 Dec 14;41(4):593–606. doi: 10.1007/s10519-010-9418-1
• Step A observer stands calmly near the closed cage but does not deliberately try to attract the animal’s attention;
• Step B observer opens the cage door, remains nearby but does not initiate any contact with the fox;
• Step C observer attempts to touch the fox;
• Step D observer closes the cage door, then stays calmly near the closed cage.