Table 4.

Results of multilevel logistic regression of HED among 12,553 females and 11,972 male current drinkers in 17 countries, from GENACIS

	Women				Men
	Model 1		Model 2		Model 1		Model 2
Variable	β	(eSD*β − 1)*100	β	(eSD*β − 1)*100	β	(eSD*β − 1)*100	β	(eSD*β − 1)*100
Fixed effects
Mean drinking
Intercept	−0.80	—	−0.76		0.63*	—	0.63*	—
Log			−0.26	−11.50			0.12	6.80
GDP-PPP
Age	−0.03**	−26.57	−0.02*	−20.20	−0.03*	−28.34	−0.03**	−28.34
Log			−0.05*	−2.32			−0.05	−2.38
GDP-PPP
Education	−0.08	−5.53	−0.07	−4.58	−0.17**	−11.22	−0.17**	−11.22
Cohabitation	0.52**	23.20	0.52**	23.12	0.31**	12.85	0.31**	12.85
Random effects				Variance
Level-2 variance	0.8973**		0.8035**		0.5854**		0.5794**
Age slope	0.0004**		0.0001*		0.0008**		0.0003**
Education slope	0.0207**		0.0162**		–		–

^*p < 0.05,

^**p < 0.01.

GDP-PPP = Gross domestic product per capita based on purchasing power parity; SD = standard deviation.