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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jan 7.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Res. 2011 Jan 7;108(1):98–112. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.223586

Fig. 6. Ca signaling hierarchy in the couplon network.

Fig. 6

A. Ca quarks (q), sparks (s), macrosparks (ms), aborted wave (aw) and full wave (fw), shown as labeled in line scans of cytoplasmic [Ca] along a line through the center of the couplon network array (100 x 20 μm) versus time. Cytoplasmic free [Ca] is indicated by height and color scale. In the right panel, the SR Ca load was higher to promote the full wave, which started as a spark in the upper corner (asterix) and propagated downward (arrow) by CICR through the full length of the couplon array. B. Snapshot of Ca rotors (r) in a couplon array (100 x 20 μm) at high SR Ca load. Figure-eight spiral wave reentry causing a double rotor is shown at left, with a single spiral wave rotor at right.