Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of risk factors in the study sample at first measurement point by age, gender, percent Indian heritage and sociodemographic environment.
| % (n) | Overweight/obese ≥85%ile BMI-for- age and gender n=3,640 |
Obese ≥95%ile BMI-for- age and gender n=3,640 |
Pre- Hypertension n=2,010 |
Hypertension n=2,010 |
Acanthosis Nigricans n=3,621 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 45.9 (1,669) | 24.3 (884) | 6.7 (135) | 9.0 (180) | 13.5 (488) |
| Age groups | |||||
| 3–5 years | 48.9 (251) | 21.3 (109) | 9.6 (34) | 5.6 (21) | 2.0 (10) |
| 6–8 years | 44.3 (439) | 22.5 (223) | 3.9 (16) | 4.9 (21) | 7.7 (76) |
| 9–11 years | 45.8 (458) | 24.5 (245) | 6.6 (39) | 9.2 (60) | 17.0 (169) |
| 12–14 years | 48.4 (387) | 28.9 (231) | 8.9 (39) | 14.3 (73) | 24.2 (192) |
| 15–19 years | 40.0 (134) | 22.7 (76) | 17.1 (7) | 10.9 (5) | 12.3 (41) |
| Overall p-value | 0.34 | 0.01 | 0.28 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 45.9 (855) | 26.2 (487) | 7.2 (67) | 5.6 (87) | 12.1 (223) |
| Female | 45.8 (814) | 22.3 (397) | 7.6 (68) | 9.4 (93) | 15.0 (265) |
| Overall p-value | 0.91 | 0.01 | 0.76 | 0.52 | 0.01 |
| % Indian Heritage | |||||
| <25% | 40.6 (65) | 15.0 (24) | 5.8 (5) | 4.4 (4) | 7.0 (11) |
| 25–50% | 45.3 (253) | 23.1 (129) | 5.8 (15) | 11.4 (33) | 9.5 (53) |
| 50–75% | 46.3 (329) | 27.3 (194) | 8.1 (29) | 9.4 (37) | 15.9 (112) |
| >75% | 49.7(459) | 28.5 (263) | 8.1 (41) | 9.2 (51) | 18.6 (170) |
| Overall p-value | 0.02 | 0.0002 | 0.22 | 0.83 | <0.001 |
| Sociodemographic environment (mean(SD))1 | 0.16 (0.12)* | 0.18 (0.12)** | 0.14 (0.05) | 0.14 (0.03) | 0.18 (0.03) |
1
Standardized with mean of zero and sd = 1.
*
Significantly different from healthy weight youth.
**
Significantly different from non-obese youth.
Note: Overall p-value assessed using chi-square statistic