Table 3.
Examining associations with overweight/obesity using mixed models accounting for intra-individual and city/town level clustering.
| Model 1 N=3,487 | Model 2 N=3,487 | Model 3 N=1,629 | Model 4 N=1,615 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Age | 0.99 | 0.96–1.51 | 0.99 | 0.91–1.00 | 0.96 | 0.91–1.00 | 0.92 | 0.86–0.96 |
| Sex | 1.17 | 0.89–1.54 | 1.16 | 0.78–1.51 | 1.11 | 0.84–1.47 | 1.02 | 0.76–1.40 |
| Area-level deprivation | 1.20 | 0.96–1.51 | 1.15 | 0.91–1.45 | 1.11 | 0.88–1.40 | 1.17 | 0.90–1.51 |
| % Indian Heritage | ||||||||
| <25% | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||
| 25–50% | 1.93 | 1.02–3.65 | 1.50 | 0.80–2.81 | 1.58 | 0.80–3.12 | ||
| 50–75% | 2.02 | 1.08–3.75 | 1.63 | 0.88–3.00 | 1.31 | 0.68–2.54 | ||
| >75% | 2.47 | 1.34–4.55 | 1.94 | 1.06–3.55 | 1.62 | 0.85–3.11 | ||
| Test for trend | Χ2= 6.15, p=0.01 | Χ2= 4.99, p= 0.03 | Χ2= 1.06, p= 0.30 | |||||
| Blood pressure | ||||||||
| Normal | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Pre-HTN | 4.21 | 2.39–7.43 | 3.80 | 1.99–7.26 | ||||
| HTN | 7.45 | 4.42–12.55 | 5.92 | 3.27–10.72 | ||||
| AN | 16.20 | 8.08–32.48 | ||||||
Note: Staged multilevel mixed models were constructed, beginning with demographic factors and area-level SDE and subsequently adding PIH, hypertension and presence of AN. A Wald test was used for assess the linear trend of PIH for each model.