Table 2.
Characteristicsa of 36,122 initiators of statin drugs or initiators of glaucoma drugs as defined during 6 months prior to first medication use.
| Initiators of statinsa (n=21,233) | Initiators of glaucoma drugsa (n=14,889) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | |||
| Demographic Variables | |||
| Age (years); mean (SD) | 75.8 (6.0) | 80.4 (6.8) | 0.90 (0.89–0.90) |
| Female sex | 17,205 (81.0) | 12,329 (82.8) | 0.89 (0.84–0.94) |
| Race: white | 19,675 (92.7) | 13,355 (89.7) | 1.45 (1.35–1.56) |
| black | 1,319 (6.2) | 1,369 (9.2) | 0.65 (0.61–0.71) |
| other | 239 (1.1) | 165 (1.1) | 1.02 (0.83–1.24) |
| Cardiovascular conditions | |||
| Comorbidity score; mean (SD) | 1.9 (2.0) | 1.9 (2.1) | 1.00 (0.99–1.02) |
| Prior MI | 2,124 (10.0) | 478 (3.2) | 3.35 (3.03–3.71) |
| Prior CABG or PTCA | 1,627 (7.7) | 146 (1.0) | 8.38 (7.07–9.94) |
| Angina | 7,828 (36.9) | 3,807 (25.6) | 1.70 (1.62–1.78) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2,486 (11.7) | 1,872 (12.6) | 0.92 (0.87–0.98) |
| Cardiovascular diagnoses; mean (SD) | 4.8 (4.4) | 3.5 (3.4) | 1.09 (1.08–1.10) |
| Cardiovascular system symptoms | 2,804 (13.2) | 1,474 (9.9) | 1.39 (1.30–1.48) |
| Chest pain | 7,055 (33.2) | 3,664 (24.6) | 1.52 (1.45–1.60) |
| Complications of heart disease | 2,774 (13.1) | 1,649 (11.1) | 1.21 (1.13–1.29) |
| Conduction disorders | 1,311 (6.2) | 778 (5.2) | 1.19 (1.09–1.31) |
| Heart failure | 6,008 (28.3) | 4,349 (29.2) | 0.96 (0.91–1.00) |
| Coronary atherosclerosis | 9,550 (45.0) | 4,351 (29.2) | 1.98 (1.89–2.07) |
| Diabetes | 7,714 (36.3) | 4,903 (32.9) | 1.16 (1.11–1.22) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 14,984 (70.6) | 4,190 (28.1) | 6.12 (5.85–6.41) |
| Hypertension | 16,692 (78.6) | 10,907 (73.3) | 1.34 (1.28–1.41) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 10,680 (50.3) | 5,104 (34.3) | 1.94 (1.86–2.03) |
| Palpitations | 940 (4.4) | 492 (3.3) | 1.36 (1.21–1.52) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 4,991 (23.5) | 3,648 (24.5) | 0.95 (0.90–0.99) |
| Stroke, transient ischemic attack | 3,781 (17.8) | 1,911 (12.8) | 1.47 (1.39–1.56) |
| Other Comorbid Conditions | |||
| Alzheimer disease | 785 (3.7) | 1,019 (6.8) | 0.52 (0.48–0.58) |
| Cancer | 4,907 (23.1) | 3,833 (25.7) | 0.87 (0.83–0.91) |
| Depression | 1,163 (5.5) | 877 (5.9) | 0.93 (0.85–1.01) |
| COPD | 3,965 (18.7) | 2,825 (19.0) | 0.98 (0.93–1.03) |
| Prior hip fracture (frailty marker) | 75 (0.4) | 157 (1.1) | 0.33 (0.25–0.44) |
| Osteoporosis (frailty marker) | 1,733 (8.2) | 1,497 (10.1) | 0.80 (0.74–0.86) |
| Urinary tract infection (frailty marker) | 3,251 (15.3) | 2,455 (16.5) | 0.92 (0.87–0.97) |
| Renal disease | 961 (4.5) | 590 (4.0) | 1.15 (1.04–1.28) |
| Parkinson’s disease | 233 (1.1) | 281 (1.9) | 0.58 (0.48–0.69) |
| Use of medications | |||
| No. drugs taken; mean (SD) | 7.9 (5.0) | 8.2 (5.1) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) |
| Cardiovascular | 17,866 (84.1) | 11,477 (77.1) | 1.58 (1.50–1.66) |
| Loop diuretic use | 3,561 (16.8) | 2,797 (18.8) | 0.87 (0.83–0.92) |
| NSAIDs | 6,125 (28.8) | 4,748 (31.9) | 0.87 (0.83–0.91) |
| Estrogen | 1,174 (5.5) | 674 (4.5) | 1.23 (1.12–1.36) |
| Use of health care services | |||
| Preventive care | 14,580 (67.9) | 9,878 (66.3) | 1.11 (1.06–1.16) |
| Hospitalization w/cardiac diagnosis | 4,177 (19.7) | 1,378 (9.3) | 2.40 (2.25–2.56) |
| Electrocardiogram | 13,273 (62.5) | 8,589 (57.7) | 1.22 (1.17–1.28) |
| Hospitalization | 7,068 (33.3) | 4,318 (29) | 1.22 (1.17–1.28) |
| Lab test ordered | 14,879 (70.1) | 9,715 (65.2) | 1.25 (1.19–1.30) |
| Lipid test ordered | 8,554 (40.3) | 3,245 (21.8) | 2.42 (2.31–2.54) |
| Nursing home stay | 825 (3.9) | 855 (5.7) | 0.66 (0.60–0.73) |
| No office visits; mean (SD) | 9.3 (6.3) | 9.8 (6.8) | 0.99 (0.98–0.99) |
| With cardiovascular diagnosis | 7.8 (7.5) | 6.5 (6.9) | 1.03 (1.02–1.03) |
a
No. (%), except otherwise indicated.
MI indicates myocardial infarction; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; PTCA, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.