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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 May 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Surg Res. 2010 Dec 30;167(2):306–315. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.11.923

Figure 3. Acute Kidney Injury and its effects on major organ-systems in the body.

Figure 3

AKI manifests distant organ injury in the heart, brain, lungs, liver and gut in a variety of mechanisms, including increased expression of soluble pro-inflammatory mediators, innate and adaptive immunity, cellular apoptosis, physiologic derangements and genomic changes.