Table 5.
Mean estimates and 95% confidence intervals of body mass in fossil hominins based on regression models for talus centroid size and individual and combined talar articular facets
| Species and fossil specimen numbers | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Homo sapiens | Homo neanderthalensis | Australopithecine or early Homo | Australopithecus afarensis | ||||
| Regression model | Clarke Howell OMO | EM 3519 (Tabun C1) | SP4B (Spy 2) | KNM-ER 1464 | KNM-ER 1476 | OH-8 | AL-288 |
| Talus centroid size | 66.57 (168.07, 31.86) | 68.09 (172.35, 32.52) | 112.33 (302.07, 51.26) | 63.51 (159.44, 30.53) | 47.88 (116.16, 23.61) | 37.84 (89.22, 19.06) | 31.41 (72.42, 16.10) |
| Trochlea facet | 72.54 (165.64, 39.97) | 76.24 (175.75, 41.72) | 139.65 (361.75, 70.25) | 74.60 (171.25, 40.95) | 49.32 (104.54, 28.68) | 46.13 (96.53, 27.07) | 37.09 (74.43, 22.44) |
| Head facet | 78.69 (252.84, 36.78) | 69.27 (215.13, 33.11) | 113.25 (401.10, 49.68) | 74.22 (234.81, 35.05) | 26.21 (62.76, 14.84) | 48.79 (137.98, 24.79) | 36.25 (94.66, 19.39) |
| Sustentaculum facet | 82.28 (304.09, 36.21) | 61.59 (208.91, 28.61) | 76.10 (274.84, 33.98) | 75.78 (273.32, 33.87) | 49.9 (159.03, 24.11) | 56.70 (187.69, 26.75) | 38.73 (114.49, 19.61) |
| Calcaneal facet | 96.91 (361.64, 42.02) | 85.26 (306.63, 37.84) | 114.91 (450.35, 48.30) | 78.43 (275.37, 35.35) | 65.68 (219.14, 30.58) | 32.46 (88.42, 17.19) | 41.90 (122.83, 21.18) |
| Trochlea articular unit | 71.10 (169.46, 38.36) | 65.13 (152.49, 35.59) | 136.08 (370.19, 66.83) | 70.57 (167.93, 38.11) | 49.67 (110.05, 28.22) | 44.40 (96.15, 25.64) | 30.53 (61.26, 18.61) |
| Head articular unit | 76.63 (355.80, 31.18) | 68.50 (305.72, 28.53) | 100.16 (511.3, 38.56) | 68.80 (307.48, 28.63) | 36.72 (131.43, 17.40) | 49.14 (194.99, 21.93) | 33.17 (114.51, 16.05) |
| Subtalar joint unit | 91.24 (325.80, 40.44) | 75.95 (257.52, 34.79) | 99.75 (365.23, 43.50) | 77.39 (263.81, 35.33) | 59.73 (188.04, 28.45) | 41.75 (119.58, 21.30) | 40.61 (115.42, 20.83) |