Figure 1. Phage display selection strategy.
Maltose binding protein (MBP) undergoes a conformational change through a hinge-bending motion upon binding to maltose (red). Carrying out the phage display selection in the absence of maltose generates sABs (yellow sphere) that bind preferentially to the open form of MBP, whereas selection in the presence of maltose results in closed-specific sABs (green sphere). Note: placement of spheres indicate postulated binding modes of sABs to the different forms of MBP.