Expression of selected genes regulated by NF-κB or important for β-cell differentiation and function. (A) Basal expression of selected genes. Data show mRNA levels in UCP2−/− islets relative to UCP2+/+ islets (dashed line). Carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1, Cpt1; chop, Ddit3; cyclin D2, Ccnd2; glutathione peroxidise-1, Gpx1; mitogen-activated protein kinase-1, Mapk1; pancreas duodenum homeobox-1, Pdx1; superoxide dismutase-2, Sod2. (B) Protein expression of TNFAIP3 in UCP2+/+ and UCP2−/− islets detected by immunoblotting. (C) Effects of cytokine treatment (IL1β+IFNγ+TNF-α) for 24 h on mRNA expression of TNFAIP3, Ddit3 (chop) and Jun expressed as fold of untreated controls in UCP2+/+ and UCP2−/− islets. *P<0·05 and **P<0·01 for n=3–4 separate preparations.