Table 3. Summary of developed HRQoL instruments used in studies.
| Instrument | Item pool development | Number of questions | Likert-type scale used | Domains or subscales | Mode of administration | Psychometrics |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATI5, 6, 13, 21, 22 | CB, LB | 18 (atropine) 19 (patching) | Five-point Five-point | Adverse effects Compliance Social stigma | Parent | IC, CV |
| A&SQ9, 10, 11, 24, 30 | CB | 26 | Five-point | Fear of losing better eye Distance estimation Visual disorientation Diplopia Problems with social contact and cosmetic problems | Self | IC, DV, CV, CCV |
| Protection Motivation Theory Questionnaire28 | LB | Unclear | Five-point | Protection motivation Severity Vulnerability Response efficacy Distress barrier Stigma barrier Self-efficacy | Parent | IC, CV |
| Psychological Impact Questionnaire8 | CB, LB, PB | 32 (8 questions asked times in relation to 4 factors; in general daily life, having a weaker eye, wearing glasses, having noticeable strabismus | Five-point | Not categorised | Self | CV, CCV, TRR |
| PSQ19 | LB, CB | 60 | Five-point | As PMT but additionally: Knowledge disease Knowledge treatment Logistics of treatment | Parent | CV |
Abbreviations: CB, clinician based; CCV, concurrent validity; CV, construct validity; DV, discriminant validity; IC, internal consistency; LB, literature based; PB, patient based; R, responsiveness; TRR, test–retest reliability.