Table 2.
Cancer types, genes and DNA repair mechanisms
| Cells/cancer types | Genes | Mechanism | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Embryonic stem cells | RAD51 | HRR | [38] |
| DNA-PKcs | DSB | [41] | |
| MSH2, MSH6 | MMR | [42] | |
| Hematopoietic stem cells (quiescent) | NHEJ | [45] | |
| Hematopoietic stem cells (proliferative) | HRR | [45] | |
| Normal multipotent stem cells from hair follicle bulge | Bcl-2, p53 | increase resistance DNA-damaged induced death | [46] |
| Keratinocyte stem cells | FGF2 | DBSR, SSBR | [47] |
| Glioma tumor-initiating cells | CHK1, CHK2 | Increase activation | [51] |
| BMI-1, DNA-PK, PARP-1 | Repair IR-induced DNA damage | [50] | |
| MGMT | DSB, NHEJ | [57] | |
| EZH2/HOX | Alkylating agent sensitivity | [61–63] | |
| PcG | [64, 65] | ||
| Breast cancer cell line MCF-7 | RAD51, APE1 | SSBR | [70] |
| AKT, WNT signaling | Increased DNA repair | [71, 72] | |
| p53-null Lin−CD29HCD24H | BRCA1 | Increased Expression | [73] |
| Metastatic malignant melanoma | Higher DNA repair | [67–69] | |
| Pancreatic cancer | BRCA1 | BRCA1-mediated repair | Unpublished, Mathews et al. |
| RAD51 | RAD51 DNA damage response | [74] |