Table 1. General and obstetric characteristics of mothers according to pre-pregnancy BMI.
|
Pre-pregnancy BMI |
P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Underweight (n=111) | Normal weight (n=363) | Overweight (n=67) | Obese (n=67) | ||
| Gestational period at baseline (week) | 27.8±4.6a | 26.3±4.2 | 26.1±3.7 | 27.3±5.0 | 0.060b |
| Age (years) | 30.7±3.6a | 32.3±4.0b | 32.8±3.7b | 32.9±3.8b | <0.001 |
| Educational years | |||||
| ⩽12 | 17 (17.0)c | 56 (17.3) | 16 (25.8) | 30 (50.8) | <0.001d |
| >12 | 83 (83.0) | 268 (82.7) | 46 (74.2) | 29 (49.2) | |
| Monthly income level ($) | |||||
| ⩽1800 | 14 (14.1) | 41 (12.8) | 11 (17.7) | 19 (32.8) | 0.002 |
| >1800 | 85 (85.9) | 279 (87.2) | 51 (82.3) | 39 (67.2) | |
| Employment status | |||||
| Yes | 33 (32.4) | 126 (39.7) | 28 (45.2) | 11 (20.0) | 0.014 |
| No | 69 (67.6) | 191 (60.3) | 34 (54.8) | 44 (80.0) | |
| Number of family members (person) | 2.7±1.0 | 2.7±0.9 | 3.0±1.1 | 3.0±1.3 | 0.076 |
| Total number of pregnancies | 1.9±1.1a | 2.2±1.2ab | 2.0±1.0ab | 2.4±1.3b | 0.025 |
| Morning sickness | |||||
| Yes | 45 (50.0) | 119 (40.8) | 36 (62.1) | 21 (42.0) | 0.018 |
| No | 45 (50.0) | 173 (59.2) | 22 (37.9) | 29 (58.0) | |
Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index.
BMI (kg m−2) categories according to the Asia-Pacific standard: underweight (<18.5), normal weight (18.5–22.9), overweight (23.0–24.9), obese (⩾25).
a
Mean±s.d.
b
P-value by analysis of variance.
c
N (%).
d
P-value by χ2-test.
Values followed by different alphabets within the same row are significantly different at P<0.05 by Tukey's test.