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Potential role of BCAA/BCKA catabolism in heart failure. Illustration of the potential impact of reduced expression of PP2Cm in stressed heart in BCAA catabolism and cardiac remodelling. BCKD, branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase; BCKDK, BCKD kinase; ETC, electron transfer chain; ROS, reactive oxygen species; BCAA, branched-chain amino acids; BCKA, branched-chain keto acids; MPTP, mitochondrial permeability transition pore.
