Figure 1.

Glucose metabolism pathways. 6-PG, 6-phosphogluconate; 6-PGL, 6-phosphoglucono-δ-lactone; AR, aldose reductase; F-6-P, fructose-6-phosphate; F-1,6,-BP, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate; G-6-P, glucose-6-phosphate; GFAT, glutamine fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase; G6PD: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; NAD+, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NADH, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NADP+, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; NADPH, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; R-5-P, ribose-5-phosphate; SDH, sorbitol dehydrogenase; UDPGlcNAc, uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine; X-5-P, xylose-5-phosphate.