Table 2.
Association of FGF23, ucMGP, and Fetuin-A Levels With All-Cause Mortality or CVD Events
| Variable | HR (95% CI), by Tertile | HR (95% CI), by Continuous Variable in Cox Model | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | |||
| FGF23* | Per Doubling of FGF23† | ||||
| All-cause mortality | |||||
| Age-, sex-, and race-adjusted | 1.00 | 1.30 (0.89–1.89) | 2.86 (2.04–4.01) | 1.54 (1.39–1.70) | <0.001 |
| Multivariate model 1‡ | 1.00 | 1.38 (0.92–2.08) | 2.15 (1.43–3.24) | 1.41 (1.23–1.60) | <0.001 |
| Multivariate model 2§ | 1.00 | 1.39 (0.93–2.09) | 2.07 (1.36–3.13) | 1.40 (1.22–1.60) | <0.001 |
| CVD event | |||||
| Age-, sex-, and race-adjusted | 1.00 | 1.50 (0.99–2.27) | 3.09 (2.12–4.52) | 1.49 (1.35–1.66) | <0.001 |
| Multivariate model 1‡ | 1.00 | 1.46 (0.94–2.29) | 1.83 (1.15–2.91) | 1.24 (1.07–1.43) | 0.004 |
| Multivariate model 2§ | 1.00 | 1.47 (0.94–2.30) | 1.83 (1.14–2.94) | 1.24 (1.06–1.44) | 0.006 |
| ucMGP|| | Per 1000-nM Greater ucMGP Level | ||||
| All-cause mortality | |||||
| Age-, sex-, and race-adjusted | 1.00 | 0.71 (0.52–0.96) | 0.51 (0.36–0.74) | 0.75 (0.66–0.85) | <0.001 |
| Multivariate model 1‡ | 1.00 | 0.69 (0.49–0.96) | 0.48 (0.31–0.75) | 0.78 (0.68–0.90) | 0.001 |
| Multivariate model 2§ | 1.00 | 0.70 (0.49–0.99) | 0.49 (0.31–0.78) | 0.79 (0.68–0.92) | 0.002 |
| CVD event | |||||
| Age-, sex-, and race-adjusted | 1.00 | 0.92 (0.66–1.29) | 0.70 (0.48–1.04) | 0.82 (0.71–0.94) | 0.005 |
| Multivariate model 1‡ | 1.00 | 0.96 (0.66–1.41) | 0.65 (0.40–1.05) | 0.84 (0.72–0.98) | 0.029 |
| Multivariate model 2§ | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.66–1.45) | 0.64 (0.39–1.05) | 0.84 (0.72–0.99) | 0.042 |
| Fetuin-A¶ | Per 0.1-g/L Greater Fetuin-A Level | ||||
| All-cause mortality | |||||
| Age-, sex-, and race-adjusted | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.71–1.34) | 1.08 (0.77–1.50) | 0.98 (0.89–1.09) | 0.74 |
| Multivariate model 1‡ | 1.00 | 0.89 (0.62–1.27) | 0.84 (0.55–1.27) | 0.92 (0.81–1.05) | 0.22 |
| Multivariate model 2§ | 1.00 | 0.85 (0.59–1.22) | 0.82 (0.53–1.28) | 0.91 (0.80–1.04) | 0.179 |
| CVD event | |||||
| Age-, sex-, and race-adjusted | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.69–1.43) | 1.29 (0.90–1.84) | 1.10 (0.99–1.23) | 0.071 |
| Multivariate model 1‡ | 1.00 | 0.86 (0.57–1.30) | 0.99 (0.64–1.55) | 1.08 (0.94–1.24) | 0.28 |
| Multivariate model 2§ | 1.00 | 0.92 (0.60–1.39) | 1.12 (0.71–1.78) | 1.14 (0.98–1.31) | 0.081 |
CVD = cardiovascular disease; FGF23 = fibroblast growth factor 23; HR = hazard ratio; ucMGP = uncarboxylated matrix Gla protein.
The values for tertiles 1, 2, and 3 are <33.5, 33.5–56.7, and >56.7 RU/mL, respectively.
HRs for FGF23 as a continuous predictor are expressed as “per doubling of FGF23” because it was natural log–transformed for analysis.
Adjusted for age; sex; race; waist-to-hip ratio; smoking; hypertension; diabetes; systolic and diastolic blood pressures; estimated glomerular filtration rate; total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels; C-reactive protein level; ejection fraction; peak exercise capacity; and use of aspirin, β-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-receptor blockers, statins, or anticoagulants.
Adjusted for covariates in multivariable model 1 plus calcium level, phosphorus level, and the 2 other predictor variables (for example, in the FGF23 model, ucMGP and fetuin-A were included as adjustment covariates).
The values for tertiles 1, 2, and 3 are <2757, 2757–3649, and >3649 nM, respectively.
The values for tertiles 1, 2, and 3 are <0.59, 0.59–0.69, and >0.69 g/L, respectively.