Appendix Table 3.
Association Between Baseline Factors and ln-FGF23, ucMGP, and Fetuin-A Levels*
| Variable | ln-FGF23 | ucMGP | Fetuin-A | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (95% CI) | P Value | β (95% CI) | P Value | β (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Age (per 10 y) | −0.05 (−0.11 to 0.01) | 0.107 | −0.21 (−0.27 to −0.15) | <0.001 | −0.18 (−0.24 to −0.12) | <0.001 |
| Women | 0.40 (0.23 to 0.57) | <0.001 | 0.15 (−0.02 to 0.32) | 0.093 | 0.26 (0.09 to 0.43) | 0.004 |
| Nonwhite race | −0.04 (−0.18 to 0.10) | 0.56 | 0.06 (−0.08 to 0.20) | 0.37 | 0.07 (−0.07 to 0.21) | 0.35 |
| Smoking status | 0.36 (0.19 to 0.53) | <0.001 | 0.13 (−0.04 to 0.30) | 0.128 | 0.08 (−0.09 to 0.25) | 0.36 |
| Hypertension | 0.14 (−0.01 to 0.29) | 0.077 | −0.05 (−0.20 to 0.11) | 0.54 | −0.02 (−0.17 to 0.14) | 0.84 |
| Diabetes | 0.27 (0.12 to 0.42) | 0.001 | 0.26 (0.11 to 0.41) | 0.001 | 0.27 (0.12 to 0.43) | <0.001 |
| Estimated GFR† | −0.32 (−0.39 to −0.26) | <0.001 | 0.20 (0.13 to 0.27) | <0.001 | −0.01 (−0.08 to 0.06) | 0.83 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio† | −0.03 (−0.10 to 0.04) | 0.36 | 0.03 (−0.04 to 0.10) | 0.40 | 0.04 (−0.03 to 0.11) | 0.21 |
| Total cholesterol level† | 0.01 (−0.06 to 0.08) | 0.82 | 0.16 (0.10 to 0.23) | <0.001 | 0.35 (0.29 to 0.42) | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol level† | −0.05 (−0.11 to 0.02) | 0.184 | −0.05 (−0.11 to 0.02) | 0.185 | −0.17 (−0.24 to −0.10) | <0.001 |
| ln-hsCRP level† | 0.20 (0.13 to 0.27) | <0.001 | 0.01 (−0.06 to 0.07) | 0.88 | 0.08 (0.01 to 0.15) | 0.020 |
| Ejection fraction† | −0.11 (−0.18 to −0.05) | 0.001 | 0.05 (−0.02 to 0.12) | 0.149 | −0.07 (−0.14 to 0.00) | 0.050 |
| Max METS† | −0.23 (−0.30 to −0.16) | <0.001 | 0.10 (0.03 to 0.17) | 0.006 | −0.04 (−0.11 to 0.02) | 0.21 |
| Medication use | ||||||
| β-Blocker | 0.04 (−0.10 to 0.18) | 0.55 | 0.02 (−0.11 to 0.16) | 0.73 | 0.06 (−0.08 to 0.20) | 0.40 |
| ACE inhibitor or ARB | 0.12 (−0.02 to 0.25) | 0.092 | 0.04 (−0.10 to 0.18) | 0.56 | 0.02 (−0.12 to 0.16) | 0.79 |
| Aspirin | −0.23 (−0.39 to −0.06) | 0.006 | −0.06 (−0.23 to 0.10) | 0.45 | −0.09 (−0.25 to 0.07) | 0.26 |
| Statin | −0.13 (−0.27 to 0.01) | 0.079 | 0.08 (−0.06 to 0.22) | 0.26 | −0.09 (−0.24 to 0.05) | 0.198 |
| Anticoagulant | 0.63 (0.38 to 0.89) | <0.001 | −0.04 (−0.30 to 0.22) | 0.78 | −0.09 (−0.35 to 0.17) | 0.51 |
ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB = angiotensin-receptor blocker; GFR = glomerular filtration rate (based on the 4-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation); HDL = high-density lipoprotein; ln-FGF23 = natural log–transformed fibroblast growth factor 23; ln-hsCRP = natural log–transformed high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; max METS = maximum attainable metabolic equivalent tasks (obtained by using the modified Bruce protocol); ucMGP = uncarboxylated matrix Gla protein.
Data are coefficients of regression (β) with 95% CIs representing SD change in ln-FGF23, ucMGP, and fetuin-A levels per SD change in predictor variables (FGF23 was log-transformed for regression analysis because of nonparametric distribution).
Predictor variable is normalized by its SD for regression analysis.