Table 1.

Modeling studies focusing on large-scale emissions and long-range transport of pollen

Study and Location	Resolution & layers in the vertical dimension	Plant Species	Pollen Emissions Modeling	Vegetation Databases	Meteorology	Pollen Transport Modeling
Kawashima and Takahashi (1999), Japan	(10×10 km), 2-D	Cedar	Meteorological parameterization	Forest maps and remote sensing	AMeDAS1 weather stations	Gaussian model
Helbig et al. (2004), Germany	(4×4 km), 35	Hazel, Alder	Meteorological parameterization	Forest maps	KAMM 3-D model2	DRAlS CTM2
Pasken and Pietrowicz (2005), U.S.A.	(12×12 km), 8	Oak	Uniform diurnal profile	BELD3.1 database	MM5, Eta 3-D models	HYSPLIT model
Sofiev et al. (2006), Finland	(1×1 km), single surface layer	Birch	Phenological observations	CORINE3, PELCOM4, Forest surveys	SILAM model5	SILAM model
Schueler and Schlünzen (2006), Germany	(500×500 m), 32	Oak	Meteorological parameterization	Forest maps	METRAS model6	METRAS model
Vogel et al. (2008), Switzerland	(7×7 km), 40	Birch	Meteorological parameterization	National Forest Inventory	COSMO model7	ART model8
CMAQ-Pollen presented here	12×12 km, 22	Birch, Ragweed	Meteorological parameterization	BELD3.1, PLANTS, MODIS LAI	MM5 model	CMAQ model

¹Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System,

²Karlsruhe Meteorological Model, 3.D regional model

³Coordinated Information System on the State of the Environment and Natural Resources,

⁴Pan-European Land Use and Land Cover Monitoring

⁵Finnish Meteorological Institute Air Quality and Emergency Modelling System,

⁶Meteorological Institute Mesoscale Model, University of Hamburg

⁷Operational weather forecast model of the German Weather Service (DWD),

⁸Aerosols and Reactive Trace gas model