Table 1.
Baseline Equivalence between Experimental Group and Control Group
| Group | Experimental N=53 | Control N=52 | Total N=105 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) Number (%) |
Mean (SD) Number (%) |
T/chi-square (p-value) | |
| Demographic variables | |||
| Age in 2008 | 12.94(0.16) | 12.92 (0.16) | −0.09 (0.93) |
| Grade | 6.04(0.19) | 5.73(0.20) | −1.12(0.27) |
| Gender (% female) | 31(58.5%) | 31(59.6%) | 0.01(0.91) |
| Orphan status | 2.74 (0.25) | ||
| Paternal | 35 (66%) | 26 (51%) | |
| Maternal | 5 (9%) | 9 (18%) | |
| Double orphan | 13 (25%) | 16 (31%) | |
| SES count index (alpha=.62, 13 items) | 2.75(0.28) | 3.31(0.23) | 1.52(0.13) |
| School uniform | 24(46%) | 31 (66%) | 3.92 (0.05)** |
| School absence | 1.92 (0.16) | 1.94(0.16) | 0.06(0.95) |
| Perception of Caring Adults | |||
| Teachers care | 4.00(0.19) | 3.78(0.24) | −0.73(0.45) |
| Adults in family care | 3.60(0.21) | 3.81(0.20) | 0.71(0.48) |
| Adults in community care | 3.56(0.21) | 3.46(0.21) | −0.35(0.72) |
| Education aspiration (higher than secondary school vs. others) | 44 (83%) | 38 (73%) | 2.50 (0.29) |
| Future Expectations: | |||
| Graduate from Secondary school | 4.11(0.19) | 4.06(0.20) | −0.21(0.84) |
| Graduate from College/Univ. | 4.30(0.15) | 4.12(0.18) | −0.80(0.42) |
| Enough salary by age 30 | 3.45(0.22) | 3.38(0.20) | −0.23(0.82) |
| Live to age 35 | 3.83(0.19) | 3.75(0.20) | −0.29(0.77) |
| Gender Equity index (alpha=.71) | 11.3 (5.4) | 12.2 (4.7%) | 0.92 (0.36) |
| Wife Beating: It is okay for husband to beat his wife: Yes | |||
| If she neglects the children | 31(58.5%) | 30(57.7%) | 0.01(0.93) |
| If she argues with him | 33(62.3%) | 30(57.7%) | 0.23(0.63) |
| If she refuses sex with him | 5(9.4%) | 6(11.5%) | 0.30(0.59) |
| If she burns the food | 9(17.0%) | 11(21.2%) | 0.30(0.59) |
| For any reason | 8(15.1%) | 5(9.6%) | 0.73(0.39) |
| Sexual Attitudes | |||
| Disagree with early sex (alpha=.65) | 3.79(0.12) | 4.04(0.11) | 1.56(0.12) |
| Believe in waiting until marriage before sex | 1.89(0.18) | 2.42(0.23) | 1.85(0.07)* |
| Sexual Debut (yes) | 9 (17%) | 9 (17%) | 0.0 (1.00) |
*
p = ≤.10;
**
p = ≤.05