Table 7.
Lifetime relative risk of breast cancer for women with various conditions commonly used to recommend early screening before the age of 40
| Class | Condition | Relative risk | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Family history | One 1st degree relative | 1.7-2.0 | Pharoah et al., 2000 29; Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer, 2001 30 |
| Two 1st degree relatives | 2.0 | Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer, 2001 30 | |
| Three or more 1st degree relatives | 3.9 | Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer, 2001 30 | |
| Inherited genetic mutation | BRCA1 or BRCA2 | 5.7 | Schwab et al., 2002 31 |
| Histology of breast biopsy | Personal history of breast cancer | 2.0-4.0 | Feig et al., 1998 32 |
| Atypical Hyperplasia | 4.0 | Feig et al., 1998 32 | |
| LCIS | 5.9-12.0 | Feig et al., 1998 32 | |
| Other high-risk factors | Female; Age (65+ vs. <65 years); High breast tissue density; | > 4.0 | Breast Cancer Facts & Figures 2009-2010 3 |
| High-dose chest radiation; High bone density post-menopausal | 2.1 - 4.0 | Breast Cancer Facts & Figures 2009-2010 3 | |
| Personal history of endometrial or ovarian cancer; Alcohol consumption; High socioeconomic status; Ashkenazi Jewish heritage | 1.1-2.0 | Breast Cancer Facts & Figures 2009-2010 3 | |
| Factors affecting circulating hormones | Age > 30 years at first full-term pregnancy; Early menarche (Age <12); Late menopause (Age >55); No full-term pregnancies; Never breastfed a child; Recent oral contraceptive use; Recent and long-term use of estrogen and progestin; Obesity (postmenopausal) | 1.1-2.0 | Breast Cancer Facts & Figures 2009-2010 3 |