Table 1.
Characteristics of study samples and distribution of covariates, by country
| Variable | Estonia | Italy | Hungary | Cyprus | Spain | Sweden | Germany | Belgium | All |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 1331) | (n = 1643) | (n = 902) | (n = 953) | (n = 504) | (n = 1215) | (n = 1586) | (n = 408) | (n = 8542) | |
| Age (Mean) | 5.8 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 5.5 | 6.0 |
| Boys (%) | 48.9 | 52.0 | 49.2 | 49.4 | 42.4 | 51.7 | 51.5 | 52.5 | 50.8 |
| Fall/Winter (%) | 37.0 | 79.1 | 75.8 | 78.9 | 95.4 | 66.9 | 72.6 | 61.5 | 64.0 |
| Overweight (%) | 13.8 | 40.8 | 17.3 | 24.0 | 17.9 | 9.8 | 15.8 | 6.6 | 20.2 |
| Education level | |||||||||
| High (%) | 9.6 | 13.2 | 38.4 | 34.1 | 48.6 | 56.6 | 9.7 | 53.4 | 14.5 |
| Medium (%) | 83.1 | 57.0 | 55.0 | 43.4 | 25.4 | 35.8 | 54.5 | 38.2 | 53.1 |
| Low (%) | 3.9 | 27.4 | 4.2 | 5.5 | 16.3 | 4.9 | 30.6 | 4.4 | 27.2 |
| Screen time | |||||||||
| Not at all (%) | 0.6 | 2.1 | 3.6 | 1.6 | 5.6 | 0.9 | 4.0 | 1.7 | 2.3 |
| ≤ 0.5 h (%) | 5.5 | 8.2 | 15.3 | 7.5 | 22.2 | 7.4 | 12.2 | 13.0 | 10.1 |
| ≥ 0.5 h to < 1 h (%) | 18.6 | 19.8 | 26.8 | 19.9 | 28.0 | 22.2 | 26.4 | 32.1 | 23.0 |
| ≥ 1 h to < 2 h (%) | 23.5 | 27.1 | 24.8 | 32.0 | 25.6 | 32.3 | 26.4 | 27.5 | 27.4 |
| ≥ 2 h to < 3 h (%) | 17.7 | 19.0 | 15.0 | 16.7 | 11.5 | 19.5 | 14.1 | 14.5 | 16.6 |
| ≥ 3 h (%) | 32.1 | 23.6 | 12.1 | 12.0 | 6.2 | 15.4 | 12.9 | 11.0 | 17.6 |
| Play outside (%) | 94.1 | 85.6 | 95.0 | 81.0 | 95.8 | 93.2 | 85.2 | 91.7 | 98.0 |
| Time spent in sports club | |||||||||
| < 1 h (%) | 1.7 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 5.1 | 2.4 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.8 |
| ≥ 1 h to < 4 h (%) | 29.7 | 24.5 | 16.3 | 0.9 | 24.4 | 14.7 | 25.5 | 24.0 | 21.1 |
| ≥ 4 h (%) | 14.3 | 4.7 | 4.3 | - | 6.0 | 0.9 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 4.8 |