Table 3.

Proposed histological features of AI-ALF vs. clinical and laboratory characteristics of autoimmune hepatitis and acute liver failure. Overall survival and liver transplantation refers to cumulative rates at 21 days from admission.

Clinical Characteristic	Histological Feature of Autoimmune Acute Liver Failure
	Type 4 or 5 Massive Hepatic Necrosis		Lymphoid Aggregates		Central Perivenulitis		Plasma Cell Enrichment
	Present N = 30	Absent N = 42	Present N = 23	Absent N = 49	Present N = 47	Absent N = 25	Present N = 45	Absent N = 27
Female Gender (%)	60	57	65	55	60	56	60	56
Jaundice-to-coma (days)	20 ± 3	14 ± 3	18 ± 4	16 ± 3	20 ± 3*	11 ± 4	21 ± 3*	10 ± 3
Admission INR	3.1 ± 0.4	3.3 ± 0.3	3.3 ± 0.4	3.2 ± 0.3	3.4 ± 0.3	2.9 ± 0.4	3.4 ± 0.3	2.9 ± 0.4
Peak Creatinine (mg/dl)	2.3 ± 0.4	2.7 ± 0.3	2.3 ± 0.4	2.7 ± 0.3	2.2 ± 0.3	3.1 ± 0.4	2.2 ± 0.3	3.1 ± 0.4
Admission Bilirubin (mg/dl)	23.9 ± 2.1	25.3 ± 1.8	20.2 ± 2.3*	26.9 ± 1.6	24.8 ± 1.7	24.7 ± 2.3	24.3 ± 1.7	25.4 ± 2.2
Admission ALT (IU/L)	1075 ± 213	1193 ± 180	915 ± 241	1252 ± 165	991 ± 167	1432 ± 229	984 ± 171	1411 ± 221
Admission Alkaline Phosphatase (IU/L)	215 ± 23	198 ± 20	156 ± 25*	229 ± 18	200 ± 18	215 ± 26	193 ± 19	225 ± 25
Admission Globulins (g/dL)	3.7 ± 0.2	3.2 ± 0.2	3.7 ± 0.3	3.2 ± 0.2	3.5 ± 0.2	3.2 ± 0.3	3.6 ± 0.2	3.1 ± 0.3
ANA ± ASMA (%)	72	56	77	56	70	50	68	54
Overall Survival (%)	80	64	74	69	83**	48	82**	52
Liver Transplantation (%)	60	59	57	61	72**	36	72**	37
Hepatitis in Follow- Up (%)	47	42	42	47	48	25	50	20

^*P ≤ 0.05,

^**P < 0.01,

^***P < 0.001,

^†P < 0.0001 vs. “absent” group.