Table 1.
Boiling points, toxicity assessments [20] and typical mainstream smoke yields (machine-smoked by following ISO 3308) of commonly measured carbonyl compounds and HCN in cigarette smoke.
| Compound | Boiling Point (oC) [21] | Vapour Pressure at 20°C (mm Hg) | Cancer risk assignment | Non-cancer risk assignment | Yield from Kentucky Reference Cigarette 2R4F [24] | Range of yields from UK cigarettes [25] | Range of yields from a selection of international cigarette brands [26] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| μg/cigarette under ISO 3308 | |||||||
| Formaldehyde | -19.1 | >760 | IARC 1 | RT, CT | 22 | <2 - 56.3 | 1.6 - 52.1 |
| Acetaldehyde | 20.1 | 750 [22] | IARC 2B, EPA-PrHC | RT, CT, RDT | 624 | 73 - 872 | 32 - 643 |
| Propionaldehyde | 48 | 271 [22] | - | RT, CT | 52 | 5.7 - 62.1 | 3.3 - 60.4 |
| Butyraldehyde | 74.8 | 92 [23] | - | RT, CT | 34 | 5.5 - 51.2 | 2.7 - 47.5 |
| Acrolein | 52.6 | 210 [22] | - | RT, CT, RDT | 61 | 4.3 - 87.8 | 2.4 - 61.9 |
| Crotonaldehyde | 104 | 20 [22] | EPA - PoHC | RT, CT | 16 | <2 - 33.3 | 1.0 - 28.3 |
| Acetone | 56.1 | 180 [23] | - | RT | 265 | 39.1-360 | 46 - 335 |
| 2-butanone | 79.6 | 78 [22] | - | RT, RDT | 63 | 8.2 - 98.5 | 3.7 - 78.0 |
| HCN | 26 | 620 [22] | - | RT, CT | 109 | 9.1 - 142 | 0.8 - 93.9 |
IARC 1 - Group 1, Carcinogenic to humans; IARC 2B - Group 2B, Possibly carcinogenic to humans. EPA-PrHC - Probable human carcinogen; EPA-PoHC - Possible human carcinogen; RT - Respiratory Toxicant; CT - cardiovascular toxicant; RDT - Reproductive or developmental toxicant.