Table 1.
Baseline socio-demographic, behavioural, and clinical characteristics of ACCESS participants†, stratified by gender.
| Characteristic | Male n = 341 (63%) |
Female n = 204 (37%) |
Odds Ratio (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||
| ≥ 24 years | 332 (97) | 179 (88) | 5.2 (2.4-11.3) | <0.001 |
| <24 years | 9 (3) | 25 (12) | ||
| Aboriginal ethnicity | ||||
| No | 249 (73) | 111 (54) | ||
| Yes | 92 (27) | 93 (46) | 2.3 (1.6-3.3) | <0.001 |
| Daily heroin use* | ||||
| No | 264 (77) | 129 (63) | ||
| Yes | 77 (23) | 75 (37) | 2.0 (1.4-2.9) | <0.001 |
| Daily cocaine use* | ||||
| No | 227 (67) | 126 (62) | ||
| Yes | 114 (33) | 78 (38) | 1.2 (0.9-1.8) | 0.256 |
| Daily crack use* | ||||
| No | 271 (79) | 142 (70) | 1.7 (1.1-2.5) | 0.009 |
| Yes | 70 (21) | 62 (30) | ||
| Current methadone use | ||||
| No | 251 (74) | 125 (61) | ||
| Yes | 90 (26) | 79 (39) | 1.8 (1.2-2.6) | 0.003 |
| Any treatment | ||||
| No | 140 (41) | 75 (37) | ||
| Yes | 201 (59) | 129 (63) | 1.2 (0.8-1.7) | 0.320 |
| Unstable housing | ||||
| No | 95 (28) | 64 (31) | ||
| Yes | 246 (72) | 140 (69) | 0.8 (0.6-1.2) | 0.383 |
| On ART at baseline | ||||
| No | 208 (61) | 142 (70) | ||
| Yes | 133 (39) | 62 (30) | 0.7 (0.5-1.0) | 0.042 |
| Viral load (log10copies/mL) | ||||
| ≥ 100,000 | 66 (19) | 32 (16) | 1.3 (0.8-2.1) | 0.281 |
| <100,000 | 275 (81) | 172 (84) | ||
| CD4+ count (cells/mm3) | ||||
| ≥ 200 | 261 (77) | 164 (80) | 0.8 (0.5-1.2) | 0.294 |
| <200 | 80 (23) | 40 (20) |
†Includes all eligible participants that completed at least one interview between May 1996 and April 2008 and where baseline clinical data was available. *Refers to the six-month period prior to the baseline interview.