Table 1.
Demographic, clinical/laboratory and psychological features of 359 attenders of an outpatient lipid clinic by metabolic syndrome case status.
| Cases of Metabolic Syndrome (N = 206) Mean (SD/Range) OR N (%) |
Control Group (N = 153) Mean (SD/Range) OR N (%) |
|
|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 58 (11) | 50 (12)** |
| Male, N (%) | 93 (45) | 81 (53) |
| Current smokers, N (%) | 43 (21) | 39 (26) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 30 (6) | 26 (4)** |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 140 (15) | 125 (14)** |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 86 (9) | 80 (9)** |
| Waist circumference, cm | 104 (10) | 93 (11)** |
| Fasting blood glucose, mg/dL | 107 (17) | 93 (11)** |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 235 (51) | 207 (40)** |
| TG, mg/dL | 189 (45-934) | 122 (34-389)** |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 49 (13) | 52 (14)* |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | 148 (47) | 130 (37)** |
| Psychological Variables | ||
| Type D personality, N (%) | 90 (44) | 23 (15)** |
| Social inhibition criteria, N (%) | 124 (60) | 49 (32)** |
| Negative affectivity criteria, N (%) | 123 (60) | 41 (27)** |
| Depressive symptoms above the cut-off, N (%) | 67 (33) | 22 (14)** |
| Anxiety symptoms above the cut-off, N (%) | 60 (29) | 27 (18)* |
-Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; *p < 0.01 for the comparison between groups, **p < 0.001 for the comparison between groups; Values are expressed as mean (standard deviation) [except TG - median (range)] for continuous variables and number (percentage) for categorical variables.