Table 2.

Summary of findings explaining barriers to screening for breast cancer

Perceived patient barriers

Cultural beliefs (i.e., appropriateness of a male provider to provide breast care)

Screening costs

Religious beliefs

Fear of pain

Patient compliance and cooperation

Preference for a female health provider

Lack of familiarity with prevention as a health concept among many immigrants

Transportation

Perceived clinical barriers

Having a female provider at the clinic to conduct examinations

Access to care/cost

Location of mammogram facility

Availability of the mobile mammogram screening van at the clinic site

Time availability of providers for well-woman services at clinics

Screenings not conducted at the clinic

Inefficient WCCP paperwork requirements