Levels of Adcyap1 (A), Fst-288 (B), Fshb (C), and Gnrhr (D) mRNAs in the male rat pituitary on Embryonic Day 19 (E19) and Postnatal Day 1 (PN1). Results were determined by quantitative RT-PCR and represent the mean ± SEM (n = 6–8 animals/group). Pituitary Adcyap1 mRNA levels declined 94% from E19 to PN1 and were accompanied by a comparable decrease in Fst-288 mRNA. The fall in follistatin is thought to release activin signaling and allow expression of Fshb and Gnrhr as well as other genes to increase. *P < 0.05 vs. E19. (Adapted from Moore et al. [62], with permission from The Endocrine Society, Copyright 2009.)