Table 3.

Molecular Targets in HNSCC

Marker	Prognosis	Reference
EGFR amplification and overexpression	Poor survival	Ang 2002
Nuclear STAT3	Increased progression free survival, lower risk of death	Pectasides 2010
Hypermethylation of E-cadherin gene	Improved overall survival	Marsit 2008
Increased IL-6	Recurrence and poor survival	Duffy 2008
Cytokine and angiogenic factors: VEGF, IL-4, IL-8, osteopontin, growth-related oncogene- α, eotaxin, granulocyte colony stimulating factor, and stromal cell derived factor-1α	Recurrence and increased progression	Byers 2010
Increased PTEN	Radioresistance, and worse locoregional control	Pattje 2010
Decreased HLA class I antigen	Decreased disease free survival	Bandoh 2010
Downregulation of SERPINB13	Poor grade, lymph node metastasis, reduced survival	de Koning 2009
ANO1 amplification and overexpression	Increased metastatic potential (in vitro)	Ayoub 2010