Representative two channel ECG recordings and adaptive filtering results during real-time SSFP (Subject 1). “Raw ECG” signal includes analog low-pass filtering but not adaptive filtering, and “Corrected ECG” signal includes analog and adaptive filtering. Arrows indicate the gradient axis responsible for the spoiler gradient artifact. a: One slice (no spoilers). Gradient artifacts were suppressed sufficiently by low-pass filtering, and adaptive filter did not introduce any additional artifacts. b: One slice with fat saturation. Large Gz gradient artifacts (which occur once per slice, or every ~350 ms)are evident in low-pass filtered signal but are suppressed by adaptive filter. c: Three slices. Gradient artifacts appear on each axis, once per slice. Largest amplitude artifacts are from Gz, but artifacts from Gx and Gy are also evident in Raw ECG signal. Artifacts from all three axes are adequately suppressed by adaptive filter.