Table 2.
Importance of HGF-c-Met signaling during organ development and maturation
| Treatment (Species) | Outcomes | References |
|---|---|---|
| Liver: | ||
| HGF-KO (Mice) | Embryonic lethal, Loss of hepatocytes, Loss of hematopoiesis |
Schmidt-C etal. Nature 373: 699 (1995) |
| c-Met dominant negative (Xenopus) | Aplasis / Hypoplasia | Aoki-S etal. BBRC 234: 8 (1997) |
| Kidney: | ||
| Organ culture + Anti-HGF IgG (Mice) | Meta-nephric growth retardation, Mesenchyme-to-epithelium transition inhibition | Barros-EJ etal. PNAS 92: 4412 (1995) |
| c-Met dominant negative (Xenopus) | Pronephron hypoplasia | Aoki-S etal. BBRC 234: 8 (1997) |
| Lung: | ||
| Organ culture [E13] + Anti-HGF IgG (Mice) | Inhibition of branching and tubulogenesis | Ohmichi-H etal. Development 125: 1315 (1998) |
| c-Met-KO [E18.5] (Mice) | Suppression of alveolar formation | Yamamoto-H etal. Dev. Biol. 308: 44 (2007) |
| Newborn [P3-P6] + Anti-HGF IgG (Rats) | Inhibition of secondary crest formation, Loss in alveoli |
Padela-S etal. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 172: 907 (2005) |
| Gut: | ||
| c-Met dominant negative (Xenopus) | Aplasia/Hypoplasia | Aoki-S etal. BBRC 234: 8 (1997) |
| Muscle: | ||
| c-Met-KO (Mice) | Limb bud hypoplasia, Diaphragm hypoplasia | Bladt-F etal. Nature 376: 768 (1995) |
| Nerve tissues: | ||
| Organ culture + anti-HGF IgG (Rats) | Inhibition of motoneuron axon outgrowth | Ebens-A etal. Neuron 17: 1157 (1996) |
| Mu-c-Met-KI (Mice) | Inhibition of limb innervation, Defect of spinal cord branching |
Maina-F etal. Genes Dev. 11: 3341 (1997) |
| Post-neonate [P3-14] + anti-HGF IgG (Rats) | Inhibition of OPC proliferation, | Ohya-W etal. Brain Res. 1147: 51 (2007) |
| Teeth: | ||
| Organ culture (E14) + HGF-AS (Mice) | Decrease of proliferating enamel epithelium | Tabata-MJ etal. Development 122: 1234 (1996) |
| Mammary gland: | ||
| HGF-gene transfection (Mice) | Enhancement of hyperplastic ductual branching |
Yant-J etal. Exp. Cell Res. 241: 476 (1998) |
| Hematopoietic tissue: | ||
| c-Met dominant negative (Xenopus) | Decreased expressions of GATA-1, SCL and α-globin |
Koibuchi-N etal. Blood 103: 3320 (2003) |
| Placenta: | ||
| HGF-KO (Mice) | Trophoblast loss (aplasia) | Uehara-Y etal. Nature 373: 702 (1995) |
HGF-KO, HGF gene knockout; Mu-c-Met-KI, Mutated c-Met gene knock-in; HGF-AS, HGF antisense oligodeoxy-nucleotide; OPC, oligodendrocyte progenitor cell; SCL, stem cell leukemia. For other abbreviations see Table 1 and text.