Table 5.

Reimbursement lists and rates and out-of pocket payments in Croatia and in the European Union (EU) Member States, 2010*

Reimbursement	Croatia and EU Member States
Reimbursement lists:
positive list(s)	AT, BE, BG, CY, CZ, DK, EE, FI, FR, HR, HU, IE, IT, LT, LU, LV, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SE, SI, SK
negative list(s)	DE, EL†, ES, HU, UK
Reimbursement rates:
only 100%	AT, DE, IE, IT, MT, NL, UK
100% and further rates	BE, BG, CY, CZ‡, DK, EE, EL, ES, FI, FR, HR, HU, LT, LU, LV, PL, PT, RO, SE, SI, SK
Co-payments/out-of-pocket payments (multiple types of co-payments possible):
fixed fee (eg, prescription fee)	AT, DK, EE, FI, FR, HR, HU, IT§, PL, SK, UK
percentage co-payment	BE, BG, CY, CZ, DE║, DK¶, EE, EL, ES, FI, FR, HR, HU, LT, LU, LV, PL, PT, RO, SE¶, SI, SK
other out-of-pocket payments	IE**, MT††

*Source: Survey by the authors, information provided by members of the Pharmaceutical Pricing and Reimbursement Information network. Country abbreviations are explained in the Table 1.

†There is a legal basis, but the negative list has not been implemented yet. Currently, the re-introduction of positive list is ongoing.

‡No fixed rates defined except for bacterial/immune stimulants.

§In some regions.

║It is a prescription fee of 10% of the medicine’s price (with absolute minimum and maximum).

¶Depending on pharmaceutical expenses of the patient.

**Out-of pocket payments after a certain threshold of pharmaceutical expenses under a specific reimbursement scheme.

††In the private sector.