Fig. 2.

CGRP inhibits LPS-induced CXCL8, CCL2, and CXCL1 production by HMEC-1 cells. (A) Time-dependent chemokine inhibition by CGRP. HMEC-1 cells (0.25 ×10⁶ cells/ml) were exposed to LPS in the presence or absence of CGRP, and supernatants were collected at different time points and assayed for CXCL8, CCL2, and CXCL1 content. (B) CGRP inhibited chemokine production over a range of LPS concentrations (0.001–1 μg/ml). HMEC-1 cells were stimulated with increasing concentrations of LPS in the presence or absence of CGRP (10 nM). Supernatants were collected 72 h after LPS stimulation and assayed for chemokine content. (C) Dose-dependent chemokine inhibition by CGRP. HMEC-1 cells were cultured with various concentrations of CGRP (0.1–100 nM) and stimulated with LPS for 72 h. Chemokine contents in culture supernatants were determined. Each result is the mean ± SD of 3 separate replicates (each with duplicate wells) performed at the same time. Each experiment was performed at least 3 times with the same result except the time-dependent determination of CXCL1 in which the result illustrated was seen in 4 of 6 experiments. (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001)