Figure 6.

The effect of the driving electric field on the velocity of a 8 μm polystyrene particle. Variation of the particle velocity with the change in the driving electric field in (a) configuration 1, where the driving and the gate potentials are coupled, the frequency is 10 Hz and (b) configuration 2, where the driving and gate potentials are independently controlled, the frequency is 10 Hz, and the gate potential is 100 V. The theoretical velocity of the fluid flow is shown as the dotted line.