Table 1.
Comparisons of clinical, blood, and cardiac data of ESRD patients on the basis of MTWA result
| Variable | Total (n = 200) | MTWA Negative, n = 85 (42.5) | MTWA Abnormal, n = 115 (57.5) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 56.3 (12.7) | 52.4 (12.8) | 59.1 (12.0) | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 142 (71) | 59 (69.4) | 83 (72.2) | 0.67 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.5 (4.7) | 26.9 (4.8) | 26.2 (4.6) | 0.29 |
| BSA (m2) | 1.88 (0.2) | 1.89 (0.2) | 1.87 (0.2) | 0.45 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 146 (24.1) | 144 (23.2) | 147 (24.8) | 0.29 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 82 (14.2) | 83 (12.9) | 82 (15.2) | 0.52 |
| RRT time | 1.1 (0.6, 2.5) | 1.2 (0,6, 2.4) | 1.1 (0.6, 2.6) | 0.67 |
| RRT | ||||
| hemodialysis | 118 (59.0) | 41 (48.2) | 77 (67.0) | 0.008 |
| peritoneal dialysis | 17 (8.5) | 11 (12.9) | 6 (5.2) | 0.09 |
| predialysis | 65 (32.5) | 33 (38.8) | 32 (27.8) | 0.10 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 54 (27.0) | 16 (18.8) | 38 (33.0) | 0.03 |
| IHD | 49 (24.5) | 8 (9.4) | 41 (35.7) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 178 (89.0) | 73 (85.9) | 105 (91.3) | 0.23 |
| Heart failure | 15 (7.5) | 4 (4.7) | 11 (9.6) | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 26 (13) | 3 (3.5) | 23 (20) | 0.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 35 (17.5) | 4 (4.7) | 31 (27) | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 117 (58.5) | 42 (49.4) | 75 (65.2) | 0.03 |
| Smoking | ||||
| never | 89 (44.5) | 45 (52.9) | 44 (38.3) | 0.12 |
| current/former | 111 (55.5) | 40 (47) | 71.34 (61.8) | 0.20 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 11.4 (1.8) | 11.3 (1.7) | 11.4 (1.9) | 0.96 |
| ESR (mm/h) | 29 (9.5, 49.0) | 28 (8, 37) | 31 (14.5, 44.0) | 0.74 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 4.9 (2.0, 9.9) | 4.7 (1.8, 8.9) | 5.3 (3.0, 44.0) | 0.08 |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 4.7 (0.7) | 4.7 (0.7) | 4.7 (0.8) | 0.76 |
| Adjusted calcium (mmol/L) | 2.39 (0.3) | 2.39 (0.4) | 2.40 (0.2) | 0.87 |
| Phosphate (mmol/L) | 1.61 (0.5) | 1.69 (0.5) | 1.56 (0.5) | 0.08 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.5 (4.7, 7.7) | 5.3 (4.6, 6.3) | 5.9 (4.7, 10.6) | 0.02 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 612 (227.5) | 630 (248.4) | 598 (210.3) | 0.33 |
| β-adrenoceptor blocker | 92 (46.0) | 26 (30.6) | 66 (57.4) | <0.001 |
| Aspirin | 102 (51.0) | 41 (48.2) | 61 (53.0) | 0.50 |
| Warfarin | 13 (6.5) | 1 (1.2) | 12 (10.4) | 0.01 |
| Clopidogrel | 17 (8.5) | 3 (3.5) | 14 (12.2) | 0.03 |
| ACEI/ARB | 91 (45.5) | 41 (47.1) | 51 (44.3) | 0.25 |
| Diuretic | 58 (29) | 29 (34.1) | 29 (25.2) | 0.17 |
| Nitrate | 15 (7.5) | 3 (3.5) | 12 (10.4) | 0.07 |
| Calcium channel blocker | 76 (38.0) | 28 (32.9) | 48 (41.7) | 0.21 |
| α-adrenoceptor blocker | 24 (12.0) | 12 (14.1) | 12 (10.4) | 0.43 |
| Statin | 125 (67.5) | 46 (54.1) | 79 (68.7) | 0.04 |
| EF (%) | 61.9 (15.3) | 65.1 (11.4) | 59.5 (17.3) | 0.01 |
| Myocardial mass/BSA (g/m2) | 93.3 (38.2) | 84.9 (33.1) | 99.7 (40.6) | 0.008 |
| EDV/BSA (ml/m2) | 68.9 (35.5) | 60.6 (22.6) | 75.2 (41.8) | 0.004 |
| ESV/BSA (ml/m2) | 28.7 (26.2) | 22.4 (14.2) | 33.5 (31.7) | 0.003 |
| SV/BSA (ml/m2) | 40.1 (18.7) | 38.2 (13.5) | 41.6 (21.9) | 0.21 |
| LVH on MRI | 124 (62.0) | 46 (54.1) | 78 (67.8) | 0.05 |
| LVSD on MRI (EF < 55%) | 45 (22.5) | 14 (16.5) | 31 (27.0) | 0.08 |
| LV dilation | 19 (9.5) | 2 (2.4) | 17 (14.8) | 0.003 |
| CAD severity (n = 60) | ||||
| normal/nonobstructive | 25 (41.7) | 15 (60.0) | 10 (40.0) | 0.23 |
| obstructive | 35 (53.3) | 12 (34.2) | 23 (65.8) |
Data are number with percentage in parentheses and mean ± SD except for RRT time, ESR, CRP, and glucose, where median and interquartile ranges are shown. Tests of significance are t test, Mann–Whitney U test, and χ2 as appropriate. BMI, body mass index; RRT, renal replacement therapy; CRP, C-reactive protein; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; ACEI, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor II blocker; EF, ejection fraction; SV/BSA, BSA-corrected stroke volume.