Table 5.
Evaluated parameters in different studied groups
| Treatment |
||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HDEL | HDEL + Arg | HDEL + Se | HDEL + Arg + Se | |||||||||||||
| T1 (mean ± SE) | T2 (mean ± SE) | T3 (mean ± SE) | T1 (mean ± SE) | T2 (mea n ± SE) | T3 (mean ± SE) | T1 (mean ± SE) | T2 (mean ± SE) | T3 (mean ± SE) | T1 (mean ± SE) | T2 (mean ± SE) | T3 (mean ± SE) | Ptime | PSe | PArg | Parg+Se | |
| Weigh (kg) | 80.3 ± 1.7 | 79.1 ± 1.8 | 77.7 ± 1.9 | 80.4 ± 2.9 | 78.8 ± 2.9 | 78.1 ± 2.9 | 80.2 ± 2.3 | 78.6 ± 2.3 | 78 ± 2.4 | 80.3 ± 3.4 | 78.7 ± 3.3 | 77.8 ± 3.3 | 0.339 | 0.999 | 1 | 0.999 |
| Waist (cm) | 92.7 ± 1.7 | 89.8 ± 1.9 | 88.4 ± 1.8 | 92.2 ± 2.2 | 86.9 ± 2.3 | 84.8 ± 2.5 | 91.5 ± 1.8 | 87.9 ± 1.6 | 86.1 ± 1.5 | 91.9 ± 2.3 | 87.1 ± 2.5 | 85.9 ± 2.7 | 0.000 | 0.938 | 0.609 | 0.791 |
| Hip (cm) | 111.9 ± 2.6 | 110.2 ± 2.4 | 108.9 ± 2.5 | 112 ± 2 | 108.9 ± 2 | 108.1 ± 1.9 | 112.3 ± 2.4 | 109.4 ± 2.4 | 107.7 ± 2.4 | 111.5 ± 2.4 | 108.5 ± 2.1 | 107.1 ± 2.1 | 0.010 | 0.925 | 0.908 | 0.995 |
| WHR | 0.83 ± 0.01 | 0.82 ± 0.01 | 0.81 ± 0.01 | 0.82 ± 0.02 | 0.8 ± 0.02 | 0.78 ± 0.02 | 0.82 ± 0.02 | 0.81 ± 0.01 | 0.80 ± 0.01 | 0.82 ± 0.01 | 0.80 ± 0.02 | 0.81 ± 0.02 | 0.058 | 0.867 | 0.770 | 0.437 |
| Arm (cm) | 35.6 ± 0.9 | - | 34.2 ± 0.9 | 34.9 ± 1.1 | - | 32.8 ± 1.1 | 36.6 ± 0.9 | - | 34.7 ± 0.9 | 35.4 ± 0.9 | - | 34.4 ± 0.9 | 0.000 | 0.361 | 0.380 | 0.876 |
| Thigh (cm) | 69.1 ± 1.3 | - | 68.1 ± 2.2 | 69 ± 1.4 | - | 66.7 ± 1.4 | 69.8 ± 1.1 | - | 67 ± 1.2 | 70.2 ± 1.6 | - | 68.2 ± 1.4 | 0.000 | 0.866 | 0.997 | 0.672 |
| Calf (cm) | 41 ± 0.8 | - | 39.8 ± 0.7 | 41.1 ± 0.6 | - | 39.7 ± 0.5 | 41.8 ± 1 | - | 41.1 ± 0.7 | 41.6 ± 0.8 | - | 40.2 ± 0.7 | 0.000 | 0.268 | 0.862 | 0.916 |
| Breast (cm) | 108.1 ± 1.8 | - | 105.8 ± 1.8 | 109 ± 2.1 | - | 106.6 ± 2.3 | 108.9 ± 2 | - | 106.3 ± 2 | 109 ± 2.4 | - | 106.8 ± 2.3 | 0.000 | 0.992 | 0.974 | 0.994 |
| Subscapular (mm) | 25.9 ± 1.6 | - | 23.9 ± 1.5 | 25.6 ± 2.3 | - | 24.5 ± 1.9 | 25.5 ± 1.7 | - | 25.1 ± 1.7 | 25.8 ± 3.2 | - | 24 ± 2.6 | 0.000 | 0.995 | 0.999 | 0.967 |
| Triceps (mm) | 29.3 ± 2 | - | 25.5 ± 2.3 | 29.3 ± 1.5 | - | 25.6 ± 1.3 | 29.6 ± 1.7 | - | 25.3 ± 1.3 | 29 ± 2.3 | - | 24.8 ± 1.7 | 0.000 | 0.988 | 0.997 | 0.989 |
| Biceps (mm) | 18.1 ± 2 | - | 13.3 ± 1.6 | 18.8 ± 2 | - | 14.8 ± 1.1 | 18.3 ± 2 | - | 13.8 ± 1.1 | 18.6 ± 2.4 | - | 15.1 ± 1.3 | 0.000 | 0.993 | 0.755 | 0.998 |
| Suprailia | ||||||||||||||||
| c (mm) | 20.3 ± 1.5 | - | 18.4 ± 1.5 | 20.9 ± 2.1 | - | 16.8 ± 1.7 | 20.8 ± 1.7 | - | 17.9 ± 1.7 | 20.3 ± 2.6 | - | 14 ± 1.4 | 0.000 | 0.719 | 0.283 | 0.863 |
| SSF (mm) | 93.6 ± 6 | - | 81 ± 5.8 | 94.8 ± 6.6 | - | 81.7 ± 4.3 | 94.1 ± 5.9 | - | 82.2 ± 4.9 | 93.8 ± 8.8 | - | 78 ± 5.9 | 0.000 | 0.995 | 0.986 | 0.962 |
| D | 1.017 ± 0.002 | - | 1.021 ± 0.002 | 1.0170 ± 0.002 | - | 1.0210 ± 0.001 | 1.016 ± 0.002 | - | 1.020 ± 0.002 | 1.018 ± 0.003 | - | 1.022 ± 0.002 | 0.000 | 1 | 0.838 | 0.860 |
| EPF (%) | 36.8 ± 0.95 | - | 34.7 ± 1 | 36.7 ± 0.8 | - | 34.8 ± 0.7 | 37.2 ± 1 | - | 35.4 ± 1 | 36.4 ± 1.4 | - | 34.3 ± 1.1 | 0.000 | 1 | 0.840 | 0.872 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32 ± 0.8 | 31.50 ± 0.8 | 30.9 ± 0.8 | 31.6 ± 1 | 31 ± 1 | 30.7 ± 1.1 | 32.4 ± 1.1 | 31.8 ± 1.1 | 31.5 ± 1.1 | 32.5 ± 1.4 | 31.8 ± 1.4 | 31.5 ± 1.4 | 0.429 | 0.802 | 0.995 | 0.990 |
| NOx (umol/l) | 29.3 ± 8.2 | 37.2 ± 9.4 | 33 ± 7.4 | 29 ± 8 | 27.4 ± 6.5 | 29.6 ± 10.5 | 29.1 ± 16.3 | 21.6 ± 14.3 | 21.1 ± 11.2 | 29.4 ± 14.2 | 29.3 ± 12.9 | 23.5 ± 13.5 | 0.647 | 0.454 | 0.865 | 0.850 |
HDEL: Hypocaloric Diet Enriched in Legumes; Arg: L – arginine; Se: Selenium; WHR: Waist to Hip Ratio; SSF: Sum of Skin Fold Thicknesses; D: Body Density; EPF: Estimated Percent of body Fat; BMI: Body Mass Index; NOx: Nitrite/ Nitrate; T1: before intervention; T2: 3 Weeks After Intervention; T3: 6 Weeks After Intervention.