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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Mar 24.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Res. 2011 Jan 20;1381:148–158. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.01.040

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Intracortical synaptic inputs and outputs within neocortical ectopia. Cells within ectopia receive input from cells within layers I, II/III and V in the normotopic cortex, but outputs are only made to cells in deep layer II/III and V. (A) Whole cell recordings were made from neurons within ectopia at holding potentials of −80mV, while locally applying 1 mM glutamate for brief periods of time (arrow, time in ms) either in layers I, upper and deeper II/III, or layer V (data not shown). Fast rising post-synaptic responses are evident due to glutamate application in layers I, II/III, and V (data not shown). (B) Whole cell recordings were made from neurons in layers I, upper and deeper II/III, or layer V (data not shown) of the normotopic cortex at holding potentials of −80mV, while locally applying 1 mM glutamate for brief periods of time (arrow, time in ms) within ectopia. Fast-rising post-synaptic responses are only evident in deep layer II/III, and layer V (data not shown) with application of glutamate in ectopia.